AP Bio unit 1

Question 1

What four elements make up 96% of living matter?

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 2

What is a chemical bond?

Answer 2

Attraction between 2 atoms from sharing or transferring valence electrons

Question 3

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 3

Sharing of electrons

Question 4

Ionic bonds

Answer 4

Transferring of electrons

Question 5

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 5

Partially positive hydrogen bond in one polar covalent is attracted to an electronegative atom in another polar covalent molecule

Question 6

Is water polar or nonpolar?

Answer 6

Polar

Question 7

Cohesion

Answer 7

Molecules attracted to the same molecule
Ex: hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Question 8

Capillary action

Answer 8

Upward movement of water due to cohesion, adhesion, surface tension
Ex: cactus

Question 9

Solvent

Answer 9

Dissolving agent

Question 10

Solute

Answer 10

Thing being dissolved

Question 11

What is a functional group?

Answer 11

Groups of atoms within a molecule that confer specific properties

Question 12

Isomer

Answer 12

Molecules that have the same chemical formula but differ in placement/arrangement of atoms or types of bonds between atoms

Question 13

Dehydration reaction

Answer 13

Bonds two monomers with the loss of H2O

Question 14

Hydrolysis

Answer 14

Breaks the bonds in a polymer by adding H2O

Question 15

What are carbohydrates made of?

Answer 15

Sugars and polymers of sugars, obtain carbonyl and hydroxyl groups

Question 16

Saccharides

Answer 16

Involve sugars

Question 17

What are proteins made of?

Answer 17

Polypeptides

Question 18

Is an amino acid a protein and what are they made of?

Answer 18

Yes, molecules that have amino group and carboxyl group

Question 19

Functions of proteins

Answer 19

Antibody, enzyme, messenger, structural, transport/storage

Question 20

What are nucleic acids made of?

Answer 20

Polymers made of nucleotide monomers

Question 21

Four levels of protein structure

Answer 21

Primary, secondary, tertiary, quarternary

Question 22

What 2 forms of nucleic acids are there?

Answer 22

RNA and DNA

Question 24

DNA properties

Answer 24

Double helix, strands are anti-parallel, does not have oxygen atom, A bonds to T

Question 25

RNA properties

Answer 25

Single strand, A bonds to U

Question 26

What are fats composed of?

Answer 26

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 27

Saturated fatty acid

Answer 27

No double bonds between carbons in the carbon chain

Question 28

Unsaturated fatty acid

Answer 28

Contains one or more double bonds

Question 29

Head of a phospholipid

Answer 29

Hydrophilic

Question 30

Tail of a phospholipid

Answer 30

Hydrophobic