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APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY > AP > Flashcards

AP Flashcards

1
Q

How does clindamycin work?

A

Antibiotics that inhibits bacterial protein synhesis

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2
Q

Common side effects of clindamycin

A

Diarrhoea
Nausea
Rash

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3
Q

What is clindamycin used for?

A

Bacterial infections

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4
Q

Clindamycin cautions?

A

Risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (c-diff)

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5
Q

Setraline mechanism of action?

A

SSRI (antidepressant), affects neurotransmitters in the brain.

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6
Q

Setraline side effects

A

Nausea
Dizziness
Loss of appetite

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7
Q

What is sertraline used?

A

Depression
Anxiety
OCD

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8
Q

Cautions of sertraline

A

Suicidal thoughts
Serotonin syndrome

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9
Q

First line medications for severe ear infection and why?

A

Amoxicillin because is it well tolerated and has lower risk of developing antibiotic resistance

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10
Q

Medication used for patient with severe ear infection when allergic to penicillin

A

Ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

Amoxicillin common side effects

A

Diarrhoea, nausea, rash, abdominal pain

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12
Q

Nasal congestion with a history of hypertension treatment? And why

A

Oxymetazoline, provides vasoconstriction without affecting the blood pressure

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13
Q

Nasal congestion first line treatment?
Common side effects?

A

Pseudoephedrine
Insomnia, increased HR, restlessness

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14
Q

Allergic rhinitis first line treatment for paediatric patient and potential side effects

A

Loratadine
Drowsiness, headaches and abdominal pain

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15
Q

Loratadine mechanism of action and contraindication?

A

It blocks the action of histamine released by targeting H1 histamine receptor
It cannot be used during pregnancy

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16
Q

Which corticosteroid is commonly used intranasally for nasal polyps, and what are the potential side effects?

A

Triamcinolone/mometasone
Nasal irritation, nose bleeds, headaches

17
Q

What medication would you recommend for the management of GERD-related throat irritation, and how does it work?

A

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI), Omeprazole
Reduced gastric acid production by inhibiting proton pump in the stomach lining

18
Q

What antihistamine is often used to manage vertigo, and what side effects should be discussed with the patient?

A

Meclizine is commonly used to manage vertigo.
Side effects may include drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision.

19
Q

A child is diagnosed with otitis media. What antibiotic is commonly prescribed as the first-line treatment,

A

Amoxicillin

20
Q

Amoxicillin mechanism of action?

A

It inhibits the bacterial cell wall synthesis

21
Q

A patient complains of severe ear pain due to otitis externa. What topical medication is typically recommended?

A

Cirpofloxacin otic drops

22
Q

Ciprofloxicin mechanism of action

A

Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis

23
Q

Mometasone, a corticosteroid, mechanism of action?-

A

Anti-inflammatory, reduces nasal swelling

24
Q

patient presents with vertigo. What antihistamine is often prescribed, and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Meclizine, blocks histamine receptors, reducing vertigo symptoms

25
Q

A patient with a sore throat is seeking relief. What local anesthetic is commonly used, and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Lidocaine, blocks nerve signals, providing temporary pain relief

26
Q

A patient with chronic cough needs an expectorant. What medication is typically recommended, and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Guaifenesin, breaks down and thins mucus in the airways

27
Q

A patient is experiencing persistent nasal congestion, and decongestant tablets are being considered. What is a common decongestant, and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Pseudoephedrine, alpha-andregenic agonist

28
Q

A patient is diagnosed with a fungal ear infection. What antifungal medication is typically prescribed, and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Clotrimazole, Inhibits fungal cell membrane synthesis

APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY (2 decks)

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