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Z: GCSE Music > AoS1 - Rhythm and Metre > Flashcards

AoS1 - Rhythm and Metre Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a pulse?

A

A beat - can be slow or fast

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2
Q

What is simple and compound time?

A

Simple is a time signature where the bottom number is a 4 whereas compound time is a time signature where the bottom number is an 8

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3
Q

What is meant by

a) regular?
b) irregular?
c) free time?

A

a) Top number can be divided
b) Top number cannot be divided
c) Rubato feel, no set time

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4
Q

What is meant by

a) augmentation?
b) diminution?
c) hemiola?
d) cross-rhythm?

A

a) notes get longer
b) notes get shorter
c) 3-against-2 feel
d) 2 different rhythms played at the same time that conflict

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5
Q

What are/is

a) dotted rhythms?
b) triplets?
c) syncopation?

A

a)

b) 3 notes in the space of 2
c) off-beat rhythm

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6
Q

What is

a) tempo?
b) rubato?

A

a) speed of music

b) no set tempo, played freely

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7
Q

What is

a) polyrhythm?
b) bi-rhythm?

A

a) 2 or more rhythms played at the same time

b) 2 rhythms played exactly

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8
Q

What is tempo?

A

Speed of the music

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9
Q

How is tempo measured?

A

In beats per minute (bpm)

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10
Q

What does bpm stand for?

A

Beats per minute

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11
Q

What can bpm be used to measure?

A

Tempo

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12
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘presto’?

A

very fast

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13
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘vivace’?

A

fast and lively

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14
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘allegro’?

A

fast, quickly and bright

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15
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘moderato’?

A

moderately

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16
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘andante’?

A

walking pace

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17
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘adagio’?

A

Slow

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18
Q

In reference to tempo, what is the meaning of ‘largo’?

A

very slow

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19
Q

If the term ‘rubato’ is written in the music, what is the performer able to do whilst playing the music?

A

Make changes to tempo in response to the way the music makes them feel

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20
Q

In response to the way music makes a performer feel, the performer may want to slow down or speed up. What is this called?

A

Playing in rubato style

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21
Q

What is the meaning of ‘rubato’?

A

No strict tempo

22
Q

What is ‘polyrhythmic’?

A

When 2 or more rhythms are being played at the same time

23
Q

Give an example of a genre in music that is often polyrhythmic.

A

African music (world music)

24
Q

What is ‘bi-rhythmic’?

A

2 rhythms played at the same time

25
Q

What are cross-rhythms?

A

When two different rhythms are played together at the same time, that usually conflict with one another. it is common in African music

26
Q

What are drum fills used for?

A

Building the music up, or to change within sections (i.e. verse to chorus)

27
Q

What is syncopation?

A

off-beat rhythm

28
Q

Name 4 different types of rhythm.

A
  • Syncopation (off-beat)
  • Free rhythm
  • Dotted rhythm
  • Triplet (three notes in the space of 2)
29
Q

What is a triplet rhythm?

A

3 notes in the space of 2

30
Q

Name 3 types of rhythmic devices.

A
  • Diminution
  • Hemiola
  • Augmentation
31
Q

What is augmentation?

A

Notes get longer

32
Q

What is diminution?

A

When notes get shorter

33
Q

What is diminution the opposite of?

A

Augmentation

34
Q

What is augmentation the opposite of?

A

Diminution

35
Q

What is a hemiola?

A

3-against-2 feel

36
Q

Give 4 types of time signatures.

A
  • Irregular
  • Regular
  • Simple
  • Compound
37
Q

What is irregular time?

A

When the top number of the time signature can’t be divided

38
Q

What is regular time?

A

When the top number of the time signature can be divided

39
Q

What is simple time?

A

When the main beat can be divided into 2

40
Q

What is compound time?

A

When the main beat can be divided into 3

41
Q

Give some examples of simple time signatures.

A
  • 2/4
  • 3/4
  • 4/4
42
Q

Give some examples of compound time signatures.

A
  • 6/8
  • 9/8
  • 12/8
43
Q

Give some examples of regular time signatures.

A
  • 2/4
  • 4/4
  • 12/8
  • 6/8
  • 3/4
44
Q

Give some examples of irregular time signatures.

A
  • 7/8
  • 5/4
  • 9/8
45
Q

What is a rallentando?

A

To slow down

46
Q

What is the opposite of a rallentando?

A

Accelerado

47
Q

What is an accelerando?

A

To speed up

48
Q

What is the opposite of accelerando?

A

Rallentando

49
Q

Give 3 examples of layering techniques.

A
  • Polyrhythms
  • Cross-rhythms
  • Bi-rhythmic
50
Q

What is bi-rhythmic?

A

Exactly 2 rhythms being played at the same time (no more than 2 or less than 2)

51
Q

What are cross-rhythms?

A

2 different rhythms played together at the same time that conflict/don’t match

52
Q

What are polyrhythms?

A

2 or more rhythms played at the same time.

Z: GCSE Music (5 decks)

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