AOs1 Musical Forms and Devices Flashcards
Name three musical eras you need to know?
Baroque, Classical, Romantic
Name a keyboard instrument you would find in the Baroque era?
The harpsichord or the organ
What type of dynamics would you find in the Baroque era?
Terraced dynamics - sudden change from one dynamic level to another (without either cresc. or dim.)
What kind of melody would you hear in Baroque music?
Lots of ornamentations, long drawn phrases with few cadence points.
What kind of bass line can you find in the Classical era?
Alberti bass - kind of a broken chord or arpeggiated accompaniment
What kind of melodic phrasing would you find in the Classical era?
Balanced phrases
What kind of harmonies can you find in Romantic music?
Chromatic harmony
How many sections does Binary form have?
Two (A, B)
How many sections does Ternary form have?
Three (A, B, A)
Describe the structure of rondo form?
A, B, A, C, A, …
Describe Minuet and Trio form?
Minuet (A repeat, B repeat)
Trio (A repeat, B repeat)
What is an anacrusis?
An unbeat ( one beat before the first beat of the piece ).
What is melodic sequence?
A melodic pattern which is shifted up or down in pitch several times.
What is syncopation?
An off-beat rhythm
What does a dotted rhythm sound like?
A rhythm with a “long-short-long-short” pattern
What is a pedal?
A low/long note that repeats whilst the harmonies of the piece change.
What is conjunct movement?
A melody that moves by step
What is disjunct movement?
A melody that moves by leap
Name four types of cadences?
Perfect, Imperfect, Plagal, Interrupted
What is modulation?
Changing key
Name a melodic device
Sequence, ornamentation, anacrusis, motif
Name a rhythmic device
Dotted, triplet, syncopation
Name a harmonic device
Pedal, cadences
Four terms you could describe a texture?
Homophonic - different musical parts all moving at the same time.
Monophonic - only one line of music (unaccompanied).
Polyphonic - consisting of many voices or sounds.
Heterophonic - variations of a single melody line.
What does double stopping mean?
Playing two strings at once on a string instrument
What does rubato means?
Change of speed rather that keeping to a fixed rhythm.
What is Basso Continuo?
A continuous bass line with improvised harmonies in Baroque period music.
What instruments can play basso continuo?
Harpsichord, organ, cello, double bass, basson.
Which instruments would you find in a string quartet?
Violin 1, Violin 2, Viola and Cello.
Define Allegro
Fast tempo
Define Lento
Slow tempo
Define Accelerando
Getting faster
Define Diminuendo
Getting softer/quieter
Define Fortissimo
Very loud
