AOS1, health of australians sac 1

Question 1

define health

Answer 1

a complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

define health status

Answer 2

an individuals or populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.

Question 3

life expectancy

Answer 3

an indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change

Question 4

DALY- disability adjusted life year

Answer 4

measure of burden disease, one daly is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury

Question 5

burden of disease

Answer 5

measure of the impact of diseases and injuries. specifically measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. measured by DALY

Question 6

mortality

Answer 6

refers to deaths, particularly at a group or or population level

Question 7

morbidity

Answer 7

refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group

Question 8

incidence

Answer 8

number/rate of new cases of a disease during a specified period of time (usually 12 month period)

Question 9

prevalence

Answer 9

number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time

Question 10

HALE- health adjusted life expectancy

Answer 10

measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality.

Question 11

physical health

Answer 11

the efficient functioning of the body and its system, includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

Question 12

social health

Answer 12

being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way

Question 13

mental health

Answer 13

state of wellbeing in which the individual realises his/ her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his/ her own community

Question 14

determinants of health

Answer 14

factors that lead to differences in health status, each determinant has numerous factors/examples that relate to it

Question 15

risk factors

Answer 15

those that are detrimental to health e.g smoking

Question 16

protective factors

Answer 16

promote/enhance health

Question 17

give an example which features three determinants of health

Answer 17

someone who drinks alcohol excessively (behavioural), may be overweight (physical) as a result & may not have god social connections (social)

Question 18

what are biological determinants

Answer 18

relate to the structure of the cells, tissues and systems of the body and who adequately they function

Question 19

give an example of a biological determinant

Answer 19

BODY WEIGHT - obesity increases chances of developing health issues, body mass index measures body weight,

Question 20

give an example of a biological determinant

Answer 20

GENETICS- genetic material contained in body cells controls many aspects of life that influence health, increase the risk to a particular condition (genetic disposition), hormones also regulate processes in the body

Question 21

give an example of a biological determinant

Answer 21

BLOOD CHOLESTEROL- type of fat required by the body for a number of processes, e.g production of hormones and maintaining cell membranes,
TWO TYPES
LDL- low density lipoprotein
HDL- high density lipoprotein

Question 22

define behavioural determinants

Answer 22

behavioural determinants relate to the choices people make in their lives that impact on their health status

Question 23

give an example of a behavioural determinant

Answer 23

SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR- sexual acts where bodily fluids e.g sperm, saliva etc can be exchanged between two people., causes sexually transmissible diseases, can be protected by contraception and safe sex

Question 24

give an example of a behavioural determinant

Answer 24

RISK TAKING BEHAVIOUR - taking part in behaviours that lead to negative health outcomes, some people take risks for positive outcomes, but other risks lead to negative health outcomes/negligible benefit, causes injury, disability and death, can be protected by cautious decisions and healthy risks aswell as education

Question 25

give an example of a behavioural determinant

Answer 25

DIETARY BEHAVIOUR - the foods people eat affects PMS without adequate nutrition the risk of a range of health concerns increases, results in high fat intake= CHD, obesity etc, high consumption of odium- hypertension, high consumption of sugar - obesity, diabetes, tooth decay
can be protected by a balanced diet, food from 5 food groups, drink water

Question 26

define physical environment determinants

Answer 26

well established relationship with health and consists of the physical things that surround us. including aspects of the environment that occur naturally e.g climate