Aortic valve disorders

Question 1

Why should you use caution with drugs that reduce pre-load in patients with aortic valve disorders?

Answer 1

Cause decrease filling in left ventricle which can increase syncope because less volume.
*diuretics, nitrates

Question 2

Why should you use caution with drugs that reduce after load in patients with aortic valve disorders?

Answer 2

Can become easily hypotensive

*ACE inhibitors, alpha blockers, nitrates

Question 3

What AVD is a congenital abnormality of the bicuspid valve or calcification/degeneration of the tricuspid valve?

Answer 3

Aortic stenosis

Question 4

What AVD is a thickening of the aortic valve?

Answer 4

Aortic sclerosis

Question 5

Characteristic of murmur - aortic stenosis vs sclerosis

Answer 5

both: upper right sternal border

aortic stenosis radiates to the carotids (aortic sclerosis does not)

Question 6

Characteristic of carotid pulses - aortic stenosis vs sclerosis

Answer 6

aortic stenosis - slow and delayed (“pulses parvus et tardus”)
aortic sclerosis - normal

Question 7

Aortic sclerosis progresses to ________

Answer 7

aortic stenosis –> heart failure

Question 8

Which AVD occurs in newborns +?

Answer 8

aortic stenosis (bicuspid)

Question 9

Which AVD occurs in the elderly?

Answer 9

aortic stenosis and aortic sclerosis

Question 10

Imaging of choice for AVD

Answer 10

ECHO

Question 11

AVD AKA aortic insufficiency…”blowing” diastolic murmur, brisk pulse with rapid collapse, head nodding with heart beat

Answer 11

aortic regurgitation