Aortic dissection Flashcards
1
Q
aortic dissection
A
> formation of false lumen in the aorta
- Distinct entities from aortic aneurysms
- A dissected aorta may become an aneurysm
2
Q
aetiology
A
- Family history
- Connective tissue disorders
- Trauma including iatrogenic
- Hypertension is the most common cause of aortic dissection in older adults
3
Q
pathophysiology
A
- Part of acute aortic syndrome
- all have disruption of tunica media
- creates a false lumen between tunica intima and media
- cystic medial necrosis
- medial degeneration
- can lead to tear in layers
4
Q
type A
A
proximal
- Involves aorta central to the left subclavian
- Involves ascending aorta and arch
- Cardiovascular emergency
5
Q
type B
A
distal
- Dissection occurs distal to the left subclavian
- Involves descending thoracic aorta
- Vascular emergency
6
Q
investigations
A
CT angiogram
trans oesophageal echocardiogram
7
Q
treatment
A
- Staford type A recieves surgery
- Stanford type B recieves beta blockers then vasodilators
8
Q
investigations
A
CT angiography
ECG
echocardiography
CXR
bloods
