AORTIC ARCH/COMMON CAROTID ARTERY

Question 1

Superior mediastinum

Answer 1

Begins 2nd Right sternocostal joint level and sternal angle

Ends T4 – T5 IV discs level

Question 2

Anterior to aortic arch

Answer 2

Left pleura and lung
Thymus
Left phrenic nerve
Left vagus nerve
Cardiac plexus

Question 3

Posterior to aortic arch

Answer 3

Tracheal bifurcation
R pulmonary artery
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 4

Inferior to aortic arch

Answer 4

Root of left lung
Right pulmonary artery
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 5

Right of aortic arch

Answer 5

Esophagus

Trachea

Question 6

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer 6

R subclavian artery
R common carotid artery
Both are at R Sternoclavicular joint

Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery

Question 7

Thymus and Left brachiocephalic vein

Answer 7

Anterior to the three branches

Question 8

Vagus and phrenic nerves

Answer 8

Anterior to subclavian arteries

Question 9

Medial to left subclavian artery

Answer 9

Trachea
Esophagus
Thoracic duct`

Question 10

Cervical part of COMMON CAROTID ARTERY

Answer 10

Begins behind the sternoclavicular joint
Deep to Sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)
On either side of Trachea, Larynx, Thyroid gland, Pharynx Esophagus.

Question 11

COMMON CAROTID ARTERY Ends

Answer 11

Carotid triangle Level of Upper border of Thyroid cartilage (~ 4th cervical vertebra level)

Question 12

At bifurcation Terminal branches

Answer 12

External carotid artery (ECA)
Internal carotid artery (ICA)

Carotid body (chemoreceptor) Enclosed in Carotid sheath and Detect PaO2

Signals Carried by Carotid sinus nerve (IX)
Nerve to carotid body (X)

Question 13

Enclosed in Carotid sheath

Answer 13

Attaches around Jugular foramen and carotid canal

Fuses with Adventitia of great vessels, Fibrous pericardium

Other major contents- Internal carotid artery, IJV, Vagus nerve, Deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 14

OTHER CONTENTS OF CAROTID SHEATH

Answer 14

Ansa cervicalis
Carotid sympathetic plexus
Pharyngeal branches of IX and X nerves
Superior laryngeal nerve and its branches

Question 15

Carotid sinus nerve (IX)

Answer 15

Carotid sinus- A ~ 1 cm long dilation at the origin of ICA, containing, baroreceptors in its wall where tunica media is thinner and adventitia is thicker.

Detect the amount of stretch of the blood vessel walls, and send the signal to thenervous system in response to this stretch.

Stimulated by Changes in blood pressure— Baroreflex

Question 16

Pressure /massage and Head movements

Answer 16

Reflex bradicardia and decreased blood pressure leading to syncope
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity