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KN EXAm > AOD WORKSHEET > Flashcards

AOD WORKSHEET Flashcards

1
Q

How would you respond to the following. 4. Abstinence is the only way to manage addiction.

A

Think about harm minimisation, education

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2
Q

• Why do you think people are so reluctant to admit they have a substance-related disorder or another addiction, such as gambling?

A

Shame, fear of stigma, discrimination and being judged

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3
Q

• What do you think are some of the attitudes and skills required to work with people with addictions?

A

Non-judgemental, professional boundary awareness, respect, listening skills understanding addiction and recovery principles

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4
Q

Brief intervention / Components include? Recommended for…. Not recommended for …

A

Components include; assessment, feedback, listening and advising, defining treatment goals, discussing strategies. Recommended for people with relatively few problems, low to moderate dependence on alcohol and cannabis and smokers. Not recommended for high dependency.

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5
Q

Motivational interviewing describe the four stages

A

Pre-contemplation

No intention of changing

Contemplation

Is aware of problem but remains ambivalent. Thinking about changing. Therapist must acknowledge this and works on tipping the balance without a pile of should and should not do’s. Offer support but responsibility remains with client.

Preparation

Client intends to change but is confused, looking for advice and support, therapist inspires hope and choice while de-mystifying the change process

Action
Behaviour changes commence

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6
Q

Relapse prevention / describe

A

Maintenance

Change has been achieved, vigilance required to avoid relapse and may slip back and have to work their way through the cycle again. This is an expected part of this process and care must be taken to ensure the client understands this to avoid sense of guilt and failure.

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7
Q

Harm minimisation and harm reduction

Examples of harm-reduction strategies:

A
  • Needle exchange programmes
  • Methadone programmes (Opioid Recovery Service)
  • Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
  • AA
  • NA (narcotics anonymous)
  • Controlled drinking ideas (Alcohol Advisory Board)
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8
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

Common symptoms:

A

Tremor, hypertension, restlessness, sweating, diarrhoea, headache, difficulty sleeping, decreased appetite and anxiety

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9
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

Pharmacological management:

A

Benzodiazapines, Thiamine

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10
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

Nursing management:

A

Reduce agitation and remain calm, observe airway and breathing, monitor vital signs, assess for head injury, keep client calm and reduce exhaustion, hydration

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11
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

Substance withdrawal and detoxification (five main areas)

A
  • Minimising progression to severe withdrawal
  • Decreasing risk of injury
  • Eliminating risk of dehydration, electrolyte and nutritional imbalance
  • Reducing risk of seizures
  • Identifying presence of concurrent or differential diagnosis,
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12
Q

Drug groups and give examples

A

Depressants (Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Opioids, Barbiturates, Cannabis)
- Stimulants (Amphetamines, Caffeine, Cocaine, Nicotine, Ecstasy)
Hallucinogens (Cannabis, Mushrooms, ACID Ketamine, Daytura, Ecstasy) Cannabis (Cannabis and synthetic Cannabis)

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13
Q

List the factors that can influence the development of addiction

A 
Genetic
Social
Psychological
Cultural
Personality
Physiological
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14
Q

Impact of addiction of the person.The four Ls and explain each

A

Liver (drinking causes inflammation (hepatitis) and deposits of fat, leading to scarring and cirrhosis in 15% of heavy drinkers. Worse if co-morbid Hep C))

Lover (alcohol involved in most domestic disputes)

Livelihood
1) leading cause for mistakes and poor performance at
work
2) Central Nervous System changes such as Wernicke –
korsafoff syndrome can be permanent dementia type
changes related to vitamin B deficiency (pg 487 4th
ed Evans, Nizette and O’Brien 2016)
3) Alcohol affects serotonin binding in the brain causing
depression and anxiety
Law (alcohol a leading contributor to crime)

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15
Q

What is: talking to people at an early stage about their substance use
Core components are

A

providing feedback to the client on risk or impairments due to substance use
listening to the client’s concerns; advising about consequences of continued drug use
defining treatment goals such as reducing or ceasing drug use
discussing and implementing strategies for treatment (i.e. triggers) and strategies to manage

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16
Q

Stages of change model

Pre-contemplation and tasks? [interventions]

A

Pre-contemplation – no intention of changing behaviour in the near future (6 months approx), generally appearing unmotivated and resistant to change

Tasks: Increase awareness of need for change and concern about the current pattern of behavior; envision possibility of change

17
Q

Stages of change model

Contemplation and tasks? [interventions]

A

Contemplation – individual state their intent to change in the near future but are ambivalent about change

Tasks: Analysis of the pros and cons of the current behavior pattern and of the costs and benefits of change. Decision-making.

18
Q

Stages of change model

Preparation and tasks

A

Preparation – individual intend to actively change, within the next month or so, and preparation is therefore a transition from contemplation to action rather than a stable state

Tasks: Increasing commitment and creating a change plan.

19
Q

Stages of change model

Action – and tasks

A

Action – the individual is making changes, or has done so recently

Tasks: Implementing strategies for change; revising plan as needed; sustaining commitment in face of difficulties

20
Q

The DSM 5 allows clinicians to specify how severe the substance use disorder is, depending on how many symptoms are identified (out of 11). Two or three symptoms indicate a mild substance use disorder, four or five symptoms indicate a moderate substance use disorder, and six or more symptoms indicate a severe substance use disorder. state the DSM 5

A

1) Needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance)
2) Development of withdrawal symptoms, which can be relieved by taking more of the substance.
3) Taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than the you meant to
4) Wanting to cut down or stop using the substance but not managing to
5) Spending a lot of time getting, using, or recovering from use of the substance
6) Cravings and urges to use the substance
7) Not managing to do what you should at work, home or school, because of substance use
8) Continuing to use, even when it causes problems in relationships
9) Giving up important social, occupational or recreational activities because of substance use
10) Using substances again and again, even when it puts you in danger
11) Continuing to use, even when the you know you have a physical or psychological problem that could have been caused or made worse by the substance

21
Q

Impacts addiction have on the individual and whanau / Health wise physical

A 
Physical:
Dental neglect
Lack of fitness
Tiredness
Hangovers
vomiting
Ulcers
Liver disease
Weight loss
Weight gain
Blackouts
Memory Loss
Injuries
Premature Aging – females
22
Q

Impacts addiction have on the individual and whanau / Economic

A 
Drugs debts
Poor priorities
Fines
Lawyers fees
Selling Possessions
Gambling
Credit cards
Car crashes
No holidays
No good clothes
No extras/treats
23
Q

Addiction is a condition where

A

Addiction is a condition where a person no longer has control over their alcohol or drug use. It may be non-substance addiction such as gambling. Most common in NZ = Alcohol

24
Q

There are common phases/stages in addiction

A 
Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Planning
Action
Maintenance
relapse
25
Q

Brief intervention = ASEAN meaning

A

A = assessment (Screening (AUDIT), brief
assessment)
S = Summary (Feedback to client current
risks/harms ie: sexual activity,
work performance)
E = Education (ALAC guidelines drinking, risks
of drinking for them)
A = Advice (To reduce this risk, it is
medically advised to lower
your alcohol use)
N = Negotiate (This weekend = movie night)
a plan

26
Q

Strategies for moderation

A 
Alcohol-free days
Spacers
Thirst quencher
Food – before and during
Avoid rounds
Be the designated driver?!
Sipping
Putting glass down
Low alcohol alternatives
Set budget
27
Q 
addiction interventions
Harm minimisation (examples)
A 
Alcohol.org drinking guidelines
Needle exchange programme
Opioid substitution treatment
Nicotine replacement therapy
Rational recovery (24/7) support groups
Controlled drinking strategies
28
Q

AOD Interventions can be harm minimisation or abstinence based
Abstinence (examples)

A
  • Residential treatment programme
  • AA/NA (Alcoholics/narcotics Anonymous)
  • 12 step programmes
  • Naltrexone implants
  • Disulfiram (Antabuse)
  • Ibogaine treatment

KN EXAm (9 decks)

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