AO2: Social Psychological Theories Of Aggression Flashcards
0
Q
Bandura et al (1963) Study 1 Findings:
A
- Those in aggressive model condition most aggressive.
- Boys more aggressive than girls.
- Boys more aggressive if model was male.
- Girls more physically aggressive with male model and more verbally aggressive if female.
1
Q
Bandura et al (1963) Study 1 Method:
A
- 36 boys and 36 girls aged 3-6, matched pairs.
- Aggressive model, non-aggressive model or no model.
- Frustrated then watched playing with bobo doll for 20 minutes.
2
Q
Bandura et al (1963) Study 2 Method:
A
- 66 nursery children watched video if aggressive adult and bobo doll.
- Model either rewarded, punished or no consequence.
3
Q
Bandura et al (1963) Findings:
A
- Rewarded model condition led to most aggression.
- Those in punishment condition behaved aggressively when offered a reward.
4
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Highly influential, first to show effects if children observing aggression.
5
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- One way mirror and young age reduces demand characteristics, increasing internal validity.
6
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Can’t generalise to older children, adolescents and adults.
7
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Lack of ecological validity as bobo dolls are designed to be hit. However, same effect later found with clown.
8
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Don’t know if learning maintained in long-term.
9
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Previous frustration may have caused aggression, not SLT.
10
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Not a valid measure of aggression as children knew bobo dolls are for hitting.
11
Q
Bandura Studies Evaluation:
A
- Greater aggression from boys implies biological influence.
12
Q
SLT Evaluation:
A
- Role of self-efficacy explains why we may be more aggressive to some than others.
13
Q
SLT Evaluation:
A
- Does not account for role of emotional factors on aggression.
14
Q
SLT Evaluation:
A
- Varying levels of vicarious reinforcement and self-efficacy explain differing aggression levels across contexts. Biological control would result in identical response.
15
Q
Zimbardo et al (1973)
A
- Anonymity in form of uniforms increases aggression.
- High ecological validity.
- Poor population validity.
16
Q
Malmuth & Check (1981)
A
- Asked US male universities about likelihood of rape if unidentifiable from 1-5.
- 1/3 rated a chance from 2+.
- Measures intention, not behaviour.
- Poor temporal validity.
17
Q
Dodd (1985)
A
- Asked 229 students what they would do if invisible.
- 36% of responses independently rated as anti-social.
- Some extreme aggression mentioned.
- Intention, not behaviour.
- Prisoners subject to social desirability bias.
18
Q
Postmes & Spears (1998)
A
- Meta-analysis into 60 deindividuation studies.
- Anonymity important in increasing aggression.
- High generalisability.
- Hard to compare studies on meta-analyses due to different research methods and operationalisation of aggression.
19
Q
Deindividuation Evaluation:
A
- Controlled laboratory studies lack ecological validity.
20
Q
Deindividuation Evaluation:
A
- Most research supports anonymity over private self-awareness.
21
Q
Deindividuation IDA:
A
- Social psychological approach.
