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Question 1

/etc/apt/sources.list
what is /etc/apt/sources.list.d

Answer 1

In Ubuntu, APT (Advanced Package Tool) uses the following list files to manage software packages:

/etc/apt/sources.list: This is the main APT package repository configuration file. It lists the package sources that APT uses to download and install software packages.

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/: This directory contains additional APT repository configuration files in the form of .list files. These files are used to add additional package repositories to the system.

/var/lib/apt/lists/: This directory contains the package index files that APT uses to keep track of the available packages in each repository.

APT reads the repository information from the sources.list and sources.list.d files, and uses the package index files in /var/lib/apt/lists/ to determine what packages are available and what dependencies they have. This information is then used to perform operations like apt-get update and apt-get install.