any Flashcards
what do frequencies range from?
118.000 to 137.000
ground station ranges-
* tower
* approach
- tower-25nm and 4000ft
- approach-25nm and 10000ft
Saftey com ranges
10nm and 2000ft or 1000ft above circuit height
Range of VHF nav freqs
108.000 to 118.000 but not 118.000
What do these transponder buttons mean-
- CRSR
- CLR
- crsr-Highlightts digets that need to be changed
- clr-highlight cerain buttons to clear
What does mode s transponder do
- within 3500ft and 6nm
- only shoes closest 8 aircraft
- doesnt offer traffic advice
- No all aircraft have it
Time in aviation
- always UTC and 4 or 2 didgets
- is question asked in bst take 1hr off
when to report long or short final
long-between 4-8nm
short 4nm
Readability levels
- 1-unreadable
- 2-now and then
- 3-difficulty
- 4-readable
- 5-perfect
what does contact mean and freecall
- Contact- change freq and detaiuls have been pased on to atsu
- freecall- change freq and details have not already been passed on
order of call to new ground station
approach-callsign-request
order of passing message
* a
* d
* d
* p
* a
* a
- a-aircraft callsign
- d-departure
- d-destination
- p-position
- a-altitude
- a-additional details
message priority
- Distress
- urgancy
- diresction finding
- flight saftey
- met
- flight regularity
FIS
Alerting service and basic service
issue discressions
a/g
not licenced
cannot issue clearences
basic and possibly alerting service
atc
closely monitored by caa
issue clearences
licenced
atz dimentions when
* less than 1850
* above 1850
- less-2.0nm
- more-2.5nm
ways to depart aerodrome
extended upwind leg
follow circuit and leave
Matz ranges
15nm or 5 mins
conditional clearence
callsign
condition
id of condition
clearence
request condition
ATIS
automatic terminl info service- provies info for each aerodrome
when to use CAVOK
No precepipitation
visability 10km plus
no cloud below 5000ft
standard pressure
1013.2hpa
controlled airspace classes
a,b,c,d,e,
uncontrolled airspace
f,g
Class A
busiest
NO VFR
Class B
Not in UK
Class C
upper controlled airspace
above fl195
Class D
Control zones around busiest airports
ATC Clearence required
Class E
Scottish CTR zone
Class F
Not in uk
Class G
Rest of airspace not controlled open FIR
lars
Lower airspace radar service
fl100-30nm
shaded triangle
empty triangle
- shaded triangle - must report at these points
- empty triangle- only report if requested
position report
callsign
position
time
alititude
next pos
ETA
tmz
Transponder manditory zone-
If have a transponder no need to get a clearence
If no transponder need a clearence
daais
dacs
daais- tells you if it is active does not give clearences
dacs- gives clearences
qdm
qdr
qte
qdm-magnetic heading
qdr-magnetic bearing
qte-true bearing**
What is line of sight?
Ground waves
VHF
Interupted by obsticles
As height increases so does range
what are sky waves?
Waves which travel up into the sky and are refracted or absorbed by the ionsphere.
How the height and thickness of the iopnsphere changes day and night?
- Day-thicker and 50-500km above earth
- Night-thinner and 100km-400km above earth
Freqs bands
* UHF
* VHF
* HF
* MF
* LF
* ULF
- UHF-300-3000000mhz
- VHF-30-300mhz
- HF-3-30mhz
- MF-300-3000khz
- LF-30-300khz
- VLF-10-30khz
VHF range formula-
range=square root of (1.5xalt in ft)
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when is UHF used
military use
SSR
Vdf accuracy levels
- +-2
* +-5-BEST - +-10
- less than 10
What is offered in uncontrolled airspace
- basic
- procedural
- traffic
- deconfliction
- what are CTR areas-
- CTAS-
- Tmas -
Ctr- controled ares-atdc provided to all flights, extend a certain height and width
cta-an area in airspace extending from a certain height
TMA- on routes and in vinicity to major aerodromes.
what is an airway
A narrow corridor for certain controlled airspace, all class A
What is special VFR
Initiated by pilot and agreed and issud by ATC for flights which are or would be canceled due to weather conditions
What rules to follow when flying special VFR
- Comply with atc instructions
- fly within limits of your licence
- Avoid ATZ
Rules to PPL pilot in regards to airways
Fly at right angles to airway
Remain in VMC
ATSU reply to mayday
Roger your mayday
what is the trangle result when have radio failure-
Fly a trangle each leg 2mins long, sharm 120 degree turns, x2
Right way around=partial failure
Left way around=total radio failure
Whta to do if when in CTR airspace you get radio failure
-Stay in vmc
-land at the nearest aerodrome
What to do if you request SVFR and get radio failure before accepted
-Transmit blind
-Remain clear of CTR
-Land at the nearest aerodrome
What to do if you have radiop failure inside CTR under SVFR
-Leave CTR
-transmit blind
-SQWARK
-Land
What does Recycle Sqwark mean-
1-Select transponder to STBY
2-Select a different Code
3-Sqwark correct code
4-Select transponder mode c or a
how to pronounce 100 and 1000 in avaiation
pronounced- one hundred
-one thousand
Pronunciation of-
FL100 AND FL110
- FL100-Flight level one hundred
- FL110-Flight level one one zero
how to pronounce time-0815
wun fife
or
zero ait one fife
Pronounce Individually
what does it mean when on is situated on transponder
Just 4 didget code is being shown
What does it mean when ALT is selcted on transponder
Both the 4 digit transponder code as set by the pilot and the altitude of the aircraft based on a pressure setting of 1013hPa
Line of sight formula
1.23xroot(x)+root(y)
