Anxiolytics

Question 1

Anxiolytics Mean :

Answer 1

Drugs used to reduce anxiety and calm the patient

Question 2

Sedatives mean :

Answer 2

Drugs used to reduce activity and the calm patient without inducing sleep

Question 3

Hypnotics mean :

Answer 3

Are drugs used to induce sleep resembling normal sleep. They are used for insomnia

Question 4

Drugs used to treat anxiety

Answer 4

Benzodiazepines
Buspirone
Antidepressants
Others

Question 5

What’s the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines :

Answer 5

They work by binding to GABAa receptor and stimulating it, therefore increasing its inhibitory effect by facilitating chloride inward current. (Hyperpolarization)

Question 6

Effects of benzodiazepines ?

Answer 6

• Reduces anxiety
• Reduces aggression
• Sedation
• Muscles relaxation
• Anterograde amnesias.
• Respiratory depression when used with CNS depressant (Alcohol)

Question 7

Best choice of benzodiazepines for anxiety :

Answer 7

Alprazolam

Question 8

Best choice of benzodiazepines for muscle spasm & seizures ?

Answer 8

Diazepam

Question 9

Best choice of benzodiazepines for anesthesia ?

Answer 9

Midazolam

Question 10

What is the route of administration for benzodiazepines

Answer 10

Orally

Question 11

What’s the nature of benzodiazepines ?

Answer 11

Highly lipophilic

Question 12

Where do the benzodiazepines metabolize ?

How are they excerted ?

Answer 12

Liver

Excerted renally

Question 13

Adverse effects of benzodiazepines ?

Answer 13

• Morning sedation
• Confusion
• Poor motor coordination
• Anterograde amnesia
• Paradox excitation

Question 14

Benzodiazepines interactions ?

Answer 14

• CNS depressants
• CYP450 inducers > decrease BDZs level
• CYP450 inhibitors > increase BDZs level

Question 15

What’s the use flumazenil ?

Answer 15

Treat benzodiazepines and Z-drugs overdose

Competitive BDZ receptor antagonist

Question 16

What is the mechanism of action of Buspirone ?

Answer 16

Partial agonist at the serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1A)

Like Mirtazapine

Question 17

What’s the onset of action for Buspirone ?

Answer 17

1-2 weeks

Question 18

What’s the use of Buspirone ?

Answer 18

Chronic anxiety states

Question 19

What’s the use of thiopental ?

Answer 19

Ultras short anesthesia

Question 20

What’s the use of Phenobarbital ?

Answer 20

Used in some cases of seizures

Question 21

What is the main class of drugs for anxiety ?

Answer 21

Antidepressants, especially when it’s paired with depression

Question 22

Which class of anxiolytics is usually limited to acute relief of severe anxiety?

Answer 22

Benzodiazepines

Question 23

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for GAD ?

Answer 23

SSRIs or SNRIs

Question 24

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for OCD ?

Answer 24

SSRIs

Question 25

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for panic attack ?

Answer 25

SSRIs with/without benzodiazepines

Question 26

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for PTSD ?

Answer 26

SSRIs

Question 27

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for social anxiety disorder ?

Answer 27

SSRIs

Question 28

Which class of drugs is the 1st line medication for insomnia ?

Answer 28

Z-Drugs

Question 29

What are the advantages of Z-Drugs ?

Answer 29

``` No myorelaxtion effect No anticonvulsive effect Minimal risk of rebound insomnia Fast onset Short half life ```