Anxiolytics

Question 1

Benzodiazepines (short term use)

Answer 1

Diazepam (Valium)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Lorazepam (Ativan)

Question 2

Benzodiazepines (short term use) side effects

Answer 2

-sedation
-tolerance
-dependence
-withdrawal
-CNS depression — sedation, poor concentration, impaired memory, and drowsiness
-paradoxical response — (opposite or unintended reaction) increased agitation, hallucinations, or seizures

For TOXICITY – give flumazenil (reversal agent)

Question 3

OTHER (long term use)

Answer 3

Buspirone (Buspar)

Better choice for CHRONIC anxiety
Less side effects - including no risk for addiction or withdrawal
However, it can take up to a few weeks for full effect to be experienced – and that is not ideal for those who are suffering with anxiety – especially anxiety attacks – right now

Question 4

Anxiolytic

Answer 4

Used to tx or prevent anxiety symptoms or disorders

Question 5

Benzodiazepines additional info

Answer 5

• most prescribed medications to treat anxiety.

-regulate the function of the neurotransmitter GABA

-cause large dopamine releases which increase the potential for physical dependence on benzodiazepines

-not for long time maintenance

Question 6

Benzodiazepines Patient Teaching

Answer 6

-Avoid alcohol, risk of tolerance & dependence & withdrawal
-taper schedule to come off Benzos. May take some time to adjust to sedation – be safe, falls risk, driving concerns