Anxiolytics Flashcards
What are the four categories of symptoms for anxiety disorders?
-Apprehension
-Vigilance
-Motor tension
-Autonomic hyperactivity (sympathetic NS activation)
What is the onset of obsessive compulsive disorder?
-Onset occurs in early childhood
What are the side effects of benzodiazepines?
-Sedation, ataxia, confusion, cognitive/motor impairment, amnesia
-Especially problematic in children/adolescents and elderly
-Some evidence that impairments are semi-permanent*
-High liability for tolerance/dependence/abuse
What are serotonin receptor agonists?
-SSRIs which have anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects
-It is the first choice for anxiety disorders which are well tolerated and have high safety
-SSRIs are especially good for OCD and PTSD while BZDs are not*
In addition to treating anxiety, Buspirone can be used to improve the ________________ side effects caused by SSRIs.
Sexual
Alprazolam is contraindicated in patients who _______.
Smoke
Compared to barbiturates, benzodiazepines are ______.
Safer
Barbiturates and benzodiazepines bind to what kind of receptor?
GABAA
Of the following anxiety disorders, which one has equal gender ratios?
Social anxiety
Compared to benzodiazepines, SSRIs seem to be particularly effective for treating
_____.
OCD
Propanolol is a ______.
Beta blocker
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT thought to be important to the etiology of anxiety?
Dopamine
Barbiturates are in a class of drugs known as
Sedative-hypnotics
Venlafaxine is associated with a higher risk of ___________ in young (<24) patients.
Suicide
Benzodiazepines differ from one another mainly in terms of
Pharmacokinetics
The most common sub-type of anxiety disorder is
Phobia
Stimulation of the GABAA1 receptor is thought to result in all the following effects EXCEPT
Anxiolysis
The most common cause of death when combining benzodiazepines with another CNS depressant (like alcohol) is ______.
Respiratory depression
The anticipatory anxiety experienced by people who have panic attacks can sometimes progress to ______.
Agoraphobia
Drugs that reduce the activity of the _____________ seem to be particularly efficacious for treating Panic Disorder.
Locus coeruleus
Which of the following is NOT a common obsessive behavior seen in patients with OCD?
Cartwheeling
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Buspirone?
It is immediately effective
Unlike other anxiolytics, beta-blockers primarily work:
Peripherally
The cortical hyperactivity seen in patients with anxiety disorders is thought to be due to all of the following EXCEPT:
DA hypofunction
Which of the following is NOT a concern regarding barbiturates?
Some have extremely long half-lives
What is the leading cause of PTSD?
Automobile accidents
