Anxiety & Sleep Disorders

Question 1

Anxiety

Answer 1

generalized feeling of worry, fear, or uneasiness over a perceived threat; requires treatment when it becomes chronic, interferes w/ADLs, or begins to have long-term damage

Question 2

Anxiety disorder symptoms

Answer 2

apprehension
worry, fear, dread
palpitations, HTN
SOB
pounding in the ears
dry mouth
excess sweating

Question 3

situational anxiety

Answer 3

temporary stressful situation, not considered major anxiety disorder, may be beneficial for motivation

Question 4

generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 4

excessive anxiety that persists for 6 months or longer; gradual onset; S/S - increased BP, heart palpitations, respiratory change, dry mouth, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, fatigue, and urinary urgency

Question 5

panic disorder

Answer 5

intense feeling of immediate apprehension, fearfulness, terror, or impending doom; increased ANS activity (sweating, rapid HR, SOB, trembling); attacks last 1-10 mins and can be followed by another; usually associated w/depression

Question 6

social anxiety

Answer 6

unreasonable/persistend fear of being judged, ridiculed/embarrassed in public; S/S: sweating, blushing, tachycardia, trembling, bowel cramping, diarrhea

Question 7

specific phobia

Answer 7

irrational/intense fear attached to certain situations or objects

Question 8

agoraphobia

Answer 8

an extreme fear/avoidance of certain places; can become so severe someone may never leave their house

Question 9

separation anxiety

Answer 9

excessive, inappropriate fear when separated from home/attachment figure; occurs in childhood

Question 10

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Answer 10

recurrent, intrusive thoughts/repetitive behaviors; behavior/thought must occupy more than 1 hr/day and negatively impact normal daily activities

Question 11

post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 11

an intense fear that develops in response to reexperiencing a previous life event; may take form of nightmares, hallucinations, or flashbacks; tachycardia, extreme nightmares, panic attacks; pt must experience these symptoms for more than 1 month

Question 12

amygdala

Answer 12

ability to feel emotions/perceive them in other people; when activated, generates feeling of anxiety and fear; stimulates ANS

Question 13

hypothalamus

Answer 13

modulates “fight-or-flight” response; initiates release of corticosteroids from adrenal glands (modulates long-term stress)

Question 14

locus coeruleus

Answer 14

principle site for norepinephrine synthesis; activates “fight-or-flight”; dysfunction associated w/anxiety & PTSD

Question 15

reticular activating system

Answer 15

receives input from nearly all sensory organs; responsible for regulating sleep, wakefulness, and alertness

Question 16

Phases of Sleep

Answer 16

1. NREM
   - Stage I (light sleep)
   - Stage II (deeper than stage I; still easily awakened)
   - Stage III (deep sleep, nightmares, sleepwalking)
   - Stage IV (deepest sleep)
2. REM (active dreaming; eyes move)

Question 17

Deprived Stage IV

Answer 17

increased depression, apathy, fatigue; appears to be linked to repair of the physical body

Question 18

Deprived REM Sleep

Answer 18

become frightened, paranoid, emotionally disturbed; may cause daydreaming from lack of dreaming during sleep