Anxiety Disorders, PTSD, DIssociative Disorders-Kohlenberg Flashcards
Each anxiety disorder has diff symptoms but all symptoms cluster around what two things?
excessive, irrational fear and dread
(blank) is the emotional response to a real or perceived threat
fear
(blank) is the anticipation of future threat
anxiety
What are examples of specific disorders of anxiety disorders?
Specific Phobia Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) Panic Disorder Agoraphobia Generalized Anxiety Disorder
What are examples of specific disorders of obsessive compulsive and related disorders?
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Hoarding Disorder
What are examples of trauma and sterssor related disorders?
Adjustment Disorders
Acute Stress Disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
What is this: Marked fear about a specific object or situation (flying, heights, animals, injections, blood). Lasting over 6 months Prevalence: 12 month, US, 7-9% Etiology: After a trauma, sometimes
Specific phobia
How do you treat specific phobia?
-exposure therapy (to the feared stimulation, systematic desensitization)
What is this:
Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Such as talking, meeting unfamiliar people, being observed, performing.
The social situations are avoided
12 month prevalence, 7%
Treatment?
Social Anxiety disorder (3rd largest mental health problem in the world today)
Exposure
What is this: Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks. Intense fear, reaches a peak within minutes, can experience 4 or more of the following: Palpitations, accelerated heart rate Sweating Trembling, shaking Chest pain Nausea Chills Paresthesias Derealization Fear of losing control or going crazy Fear of dying Dizzy
Panic disorder
What happens after you’ve had a panic attack?
you worry for a month about additional panic attacks and avoid panic inducing situations
what age do you get panic attacks and how do you treat it?
20-24 y/o
exposure, relaxation skills, introceptive exposure
What is this: Marked fear or anxiety about two or more of the following: Using public transportation Being in open spaces Being in enclosed spaces Standing in line or being in a crowd Being outside of the home alone And the individual avoids these situations
Agoraphobia
What is this and what is the tx:
Fear of crowded spaces or enclosed public spaces
Prevalence: 12 month, 1.7 of adolescents and adults
Often preceded by panic attacks.
Chronic. Complete remittance is rare.
agoraphobia
exposire
What is this:
Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) about a number of events or activities, occurring more days than not for at least six months.
Difficulty controlling worry
At least 3 specific anxiety symptoms (restlessness, fatigued, difficulty concentrating..)
Not consistent with other anxiety disorder
Anxiety interferes with person’s life
Anxiety is not due to a substance
Causing clinically significant distress
Prevalence: about 3% for adults.
Most people with GAD report feeling anxious much of their lives.
AVOIDANCE is key
GAD (general anxiety disorder)
What is this:
recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges or images, they are intrusive and unwanted, and cause marked distress.
The individual tries to ignore or suppress them, or to neutralize them by another thought or action.
obsessions
What is this:
Repetitive behaviors or mental acts, that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession
This is to prevent or reduce anxiety
compulsions
Is it easier to treat compulsions or obsessions?
compulsions
How do you treat obsessions?
Exposure: make them say the thought they are obsessing about over and over again until they stop obsessing
What is the suicide risk of OCD?
thoughts in 50%, attempts in 25%
What is this:
Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others.
Repetitive behaviors (mirror checking, excessive grooming, skin picking…)
Preoccupation causes distress
Prevalence: 2.4%
Body dysmorphic disorder
What is this:
Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value.
This is due to a perceived need to save items and to distress associated with discarding them.
Clinically significant distress
hoarding disorder
What disorder is this:
Prevalence: 2-6%
More common in older adults
Comorbidity: 75% have a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder (MDD, social phobia, and GAD, OCD)
How do you treat this?
hoarding disorder
exposure
