Anxiety and Related Disorders Flashcards
Which normal bodily response is anxiety a part of?
When is it abnormal?
How can anxiety be beneficial?
What are the general symptoms of anxiety?
What are the Autonomic, Chest and GI effects?
What is included during History taking to determine the disorder?
- Fight or Flight
- When out of proportion to the stressful situation, Persists after situation has gone, or Occurs for no apparent reason
- Can increase performance to an optimal level before impairing it
- Restlessness, Fatigue, Irritable,
Derealisation/Depersonalisation, Lack of concentration - • Autonomic; Palpitations, Sweating, Dry mouth, Shaking
• Chest and GI; Hyperventilation, Numbness, Nausea, Chest pain - Predisposing factors (Family/Personal Hx), Symptoms, Precipitating (Triggers) and Perpetuating (What happened and what the response was)
What is Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
What are some of the symptoms?
What are the risk factors?
- Constant worry and apprehension about everyday events and problems
- Restlessness, Fatigue, ↓Concentration, Irritability, Muscle tension, Sleep disturbance
- Low Socioeconomic status, Childhood maltreatment
What is a Specific Phobia?
What are the 2 symptoms shown? When is it considered abnormal?
What is Panic Disorder?
What are the symptoms?
What is Agoraphobia?
What are the symptoms?
- Excessive, Unreasonable fear of presence or thinking of a specific object or situation
- Avoidance, Insight (Aware of their fear); must interfere with life to be considered abnormal
- Recurrent Panic Attack
- SOB, Palpitations, Fear, Faintness, Nausea, Trembling
- • Fear of being in an area without a clear escape
• With/Without Panic Disorder - Avoidance, Housebound, ↑Agitation
What is Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)?
What are the symptoms? What can it present with?
What is the SAD Triad?
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
What is it associated with?
- Social Phobia = Fear of criticism by others
- Avoidance of social situations, Low self-esteem, Can become Panic Attacks; Can present with Blushing, Tremor, Nausea, Urgency to micturate
- Fear of being focus of attention, Fear of being embarrassing, Avoidance
- Obsession = Unwanted, disturbing and intrusive thoughts/impulses, Compulsion = Repetitive behaviours and mental acts to neutralise obsessions and reduce emotional distress
- Significant distress and reduced functioning
In which way are these disorders treated?
What is used before any medication is given?
Which classes of drugs are used?
What is CBT?
- In a stepped care approach, based on symptoms shown
- Psychoeducation (Awareness of disorders/symptoms) → Cognitive Behavioural Therapy/CBT → Medication given
- Antidepressants (SSRIs, MAOIs), Sedatives, Antipsychotics
- Talking therapy; focuses on cognitive processes
