Anxiety Flashcards
1
Q
Why does anxiety have a positive effect?
A
- Anxiety triggers alertness and improves memory
2
Q
Why does anxiety have a negative effect?
A
- Creates physiological arousal, prevents us from paying attention to important cues, recall is worse.
3
Q
What is Tunnel Thory and how does it explain weapon focus?
A
- Explains weapon focus by suggesting our attention narrows onto a weapon, source of out anxiety.
4
Q
What is the positive effect of Anxiety in real-life, dangerous situations?
A
- Real-life armed robbery and shooting (shop keeper shot a thief dead) 13/21 witnesses participated. stress measured on a 7-point scale (high anxiety 88% accuracy compared to 75% for less-stressed group) (Yuille and Cutshall, real life shooting)
5
Q
What is the Negative effect of anxiety in real-life, dangerous situations?
A
- Weapon Focus reduces accuracy of face recognition (pen vs bloody knife, remember man with pen, Johnson and Scott)
6
Q
What is the Inverted-U theory?
A
- Recall increases as anxiety increses, but only to a point - then gets worse (Deffenbacher - used Yerkes-Dobson law)
7
Q
What is one study that supports the idea of the negative effects of anxiety on EWT?
A
- Valentine and Mesout, London dungeons - low and high anxiety group(measured by heart rate). Recall worse for high anxiety group (17%) than low (75%). High anxiey has negative impact on EWT.
8
Q
What is one Limitation of the study by Johnson and Scott?
A
- Unusualness not anxiety. Pickel (1998), weapon focus because suprised not scared? Hairdressing Salon. Man walked by holding chicken, handgun, wallet, scissors. EWT accuracy was pooper in unusualness conditions (handgun and chicken. Suggest weapon focus tells us nothing specifically on effects of anxiety on EWT.
9
Q
What is one study that supports the idea of the Positive effects of anxiety on EWT?
A
- Positive effect (Christianson, Hubinette) Bank robberies in Sweden. Assumed those directly involved had higher anxiety. Directly involved more accurate than not. Anxiety enhances recall.
