Antivirals (Excluding ARVs)

Question 1

Antiretrovirals for Herpes Viruses

Describe the diseases that present with infection with Herpes Simplex Virus, Herpes Zoster Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus

I believe in you and me,

Answer 1

HSV 1- Oral Herpes (cold sores)
HSV 2- Genetal Herpes
HZV- Shingles
VZV- Chicken Pox

Question 2

Antiretrovirals for Herpes Viruses

Describe the Indication, PK, DI and A/E for Valganciclovir

(NB) Valganciclovir is a prodrug for GANCICLOVIR

Answer 2

(Indications- Cytomegalovirus(CMV), HSV and VZV. Used to prevent CMV infections in Organ Transplant Patients.

A/E, Myelosuppression(bone marrow suppression), Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia(low platelet level)

Same as GANCICLOVIR

Question 3

Antivirals for Herpes Viruses

Describe the Indication, PK, DI and A/E for Aciclovir

Answer 3

I- treatment for HSV (1 and 2), VZV and prophylaxis of recurrent herpes genitalis
PK- halftime is 2-3 hours
DI- Aminoglycosides(Bacterial Antibiotics), increased risk of nephrotoxicity
A/E, Nephrotoxicity(IV), Burning(topical)

Question 4

antivirals for herpes viruses

Describe the Indications, PK, DI and A/E for Valaciclovir

Answer 4

prodrug of aciclovir, with better improved bioavailability
Indications- HZV, Acute genital HSV, mucocutaneous HSV and prevention of recurrent herpes genitalis

useful in immunocompromised patients

Question 5

antivirals for herpes viruses

Describe the Indication, PK, DI and A/E for Penciclovir.

Answer 5

Similar to Aciclovir

Indications- Treatment of recurrent Orolabial Herpes Simplex

ONLY TOPICAL

Question 6

antivirals for herpes viruses

Describe the Indication, PK, DI and A/E for Famciclovir

Answer 6

PK- Oral
I- HSV 1 and 2
A/E- Headache and Nausea.

Question 7

antivirals for herpes viruses

Describe the Indication, PK, DI and A/E for Foscarnet

Answer 7

Indications- HSV, VZV and CMV
A/E- Nephrotoxicity

Question 8

antivirals for hepatitis

Describe the Indication, PK, DI, CI and A/E for Interferon Alpha

Answer 8

Admin- Intralesionally, IV
CI- Seizures, pre-exisiting severe cardiac disease, severe renal and hepatic impairment, compromised CNS
DI- Alcohol and CNS depressants (could lead to enhanced CNS depression)
A/E- Depression and Suicidal thoughs, Flu-like symptoms

Question 9

Antivirals for Hepatitis

Give Indications and Admin of
Peginterferon Alpha and Ribavirin

Answer 9

Indication- Chronic HCV (Hepatitis C virus)
Admin- Subcutaneous into the abdomen or Thigh

Question 10

Antivirals for Hepatitis

Give Indications and A/E for Ribavirin

Answer 10

Indication- Chronic HCV
A/E- Flulike symptoms, Neuropshyc, GIT

Question 11

Antivirals for Hepatitits

Give Indications and A/E for Emtricitabine

Answer 11

Indication- HBV/HIV co-infection (used in combination in tenofovir)
A/E- Headache, Rash and N&V

Question 12

Antivirals For Hepatitis

Give Indications and A/E for Lamivudine

Answer 12

Indication- HBV/HIV co-infection (used in combination with tenofovir)
A/E- Peripheral Neurophathy, Pancreatitis, Neutropenia

Question 13

Antivirals For Hepatitis

Give Indications, DI, CI and A/E for Tenofovir

Answer 13

I- HBV/HIV co-infection (in combination with Emtricitabine or Lamivudine)
CI- Renal Failure
DI- Nephrotoxicity
A/E- Nephrotoxicity (Protenuria and Fanconi Syndrome)

Fanconi- Defect in proximal tubule leafing to malabsorption of electroly

Question 14

Antivirals for Hepatitis

Give A/E and Indications for Entecavir

Answer 14

A/E- CVS, GIT, Muscle pain or weakness, Dizziness

Indications- HBV(active, chronic)

Question 15

Antivirals for Influenza

Name all the Antivirals for Influenza

Answer 15

1.Oseltamivir (Oral)
2. Zanamivir(Oral Inhalation)
3. Amantadine
4. Rimantadine

Question 16

Antivirals for Influenza

Give Indications, and Adverse Effects for Oseltamivir (Oral)

Answer 16

Indication- Both Strains (Influenza A and B)
Adverse Effects- Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhaea, GIT Irriation, Insomnia

Question 17

Antivirals for Influenza

Give Indications, and Adverse Effects for Zanamivir(Oral Inhlalation)

Answer 17

Indications- Both Influenza Strains
Adverse Effects- Cold symptoms, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhoea

Question 18

Antivirals for Influenza

Give Indications, and Adverse Effects for Amantadine

Answer 18

Indications- Influenza A
Advese Effects- Insomnia, Loss of Apeptite, drowsiness, head ache, dry mouth.

Question 19

Antivirals for Influenza

Give Indications, and Adverse Effects for Rimantadine

Answer 19

Indications- Influenza A
Adverse Effects-Insomnia, Loss of Apeptite, drowsiness, head ache, dry mouth.