Antiviral Part 1

Question 0

Drugs active against influenza virus

Answer 0

Amantadine, Zanamavir

Question 1

T/F: Effective host immune response remains essential for the recovery from viral infection?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Amantadine:

1) Antiviral activity against ____ viruses, primarily influenza A.
2) Inhibition of viral uncoating by ___________ the viral membrane protein M2.
3) However _____________ exists, and CDC/state health agency recommendations should be checked seasonally.
4) Amantadine has a high incidence of ____ Side effects.
5) Poorly tolerated in the ________ and contraindicated in pregnancy.

Answer 2

1) RNA
2) Inhibiting,
3) Resistance,
4) CNS,
5) Elderly

Question 3

Zanamavir:

1) Influenza contains the enzyme ___________ which is essential for replication of the virus.
2) Active against Influenza __ and ___
3) Can be used for both ________ and acute treatment.

Answer 3

1) Neuraminadase
2) A, B
3) Prophylaxis

Question 4

Anti-viral drugs: Herpes

Answer 4

Acyclovir, Famciclovir- all are guanine nucleoside analogs

Question 5

Enveloped DNA virus

Answer 5

Herpes simplex 1 and 2
Varicella Zoster
CMV

Question 6

Acyclovir and Famciclovir are _____________ by a viral ________-kinase, then metabolized by host cell _________ to nucleotide analogs.

Answer 6

1) Phosphorylated
2) thymadine
3) kinases

Question 7

1) For acyclovir and Famciclovir, the analog inhibits viral _____-_________.
2) Incorporated into DNA, ________ terminator

Answer 7

1) Dna-Polymerase

2) Chain

Question 8

What is becoming an increasing problem with Acyclovir and Famiciclovir, especially in the immunosuppressed and is likely due to changes in thymidine kinase, so affects all congeners

Answer 8

Resistance

Question 9

Acyclovir or Famciclovir: What has poor oral availability

Answer 9

Acyclovir

Question 10

Acyclovir or Famciclovir: What is hydrolyzed to penciclovir and has greatest oral availability?

Answer 10

Famciclovir

Question 11

What is used for herpes encephalitis?

Answer 11

Acyclovir- Ineffective in CMV infection

Question 12

Adverse effects of acyclovir?

Answer 12

Renal toxicity is principle dose-limiting issue. Neurotoxicity, GI upset, headache, and rash are other effects.

Question 13

Famcyclovir is a prodrug metabolized to_______ and then converted to _____________, DNA polymerase inhibitor.

Answer 13

Pencyclovir, Triphosphate

Question 14

What drug is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog- inhibits DNA synthesis

Answer 14

Trifluridine

Question 15

Drug limited to topical- Ocular HSV Keratitis

Answer 15

Trifluridine

Question 16

Enveloped RNA virus

Answer 16

Hepatitis C- #1 reason for liver transplant

Question 17

What drug is used in conjunction with interferon alpha for Hep C?

Answer 17

Ribavirin

Question 18

Natural proteins produced by the cells of the immune system in response to challenges by foreign agents such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and tumor cells. Used to treat Hep C:

Answer 18

Interferons (Alpha, beta, gamma)

Question 19

What interferons are produced by all cells in response to viral infections

Answer 19

Alpha and Beta

Question 20

What interferons are produced by T lymphocyte and NK cells in response to cytokines- immune regulating effects

Answer 20

Gamma interferons- less anti-viral activity than aplha and beta

Question 21

Interferon causes induction of the following enzymes:

1) A _________ ______ which inhibits protein synthesis.
2) An _______-________ synthase which leads to degradation of viral mRNA.
3) A __________ which inhibits t-RNA.

Answer 21

1) Protein kinase
2) Oligo-adenylate
3) Phosphodiesterase
- Action leads to inhibition of translation.