Antiviral Drugs

Question 1

What are some reasons for the low amount of few approved anti-vitals?

Answer 1

• Requirement for high specificity
• Requirement for low toxicity
• Limited market for highly-specific antivirals

Question 2

Docosanol MOA

Answer 2

Long‐chain alcohol that may disturb cell membranes and reduce herpes virus entry into cells

Question 3

Acyclovir MOA

Answer 3

Chain‐terminator with HSV DNA polymerase specificity

Question 4

Ganciclovir MOA

Answer 4

Chain‐terminator; MOA similar to acyclovir; phosphorylated by viral UL97 kinase

Question 5

What is the preferred ROA of ganciclovir?

Answer 5

IV

Question 6

Acyclovir Indications

Answer 6

HSV and Herpes Zoster

Question 7

Ganciclovir Indications

Answer 7

CMV, HHV6 and 8, and EBV

Question 8

What is the most serious SE of ganciclovir?

Answer 8

Bone marrow suppression

Question 9

Foscarnet MOA

Answer 9

Inhibits pyrophosphate binding on viral DNA polymerases

Question 10

Foscarnet SE

Answer 10

• High nephrotoxicity
• Myelosuppression
• Anemia

Question 11

Where can foscarnet deposit?

Answer 11

Bones

Question 12

Pritelivir MOA

Answer 12

Helicase – primase inhibitor that blocks viral DNA replication

Question 13

Ribavirin MOA

Answer 13

Deplete GTP pools, directly block viral RNA polymerase, introduce catastrophic errors during viral replication, etc.

• It has many actions but leads to the prevention of viral replication

Question 14

Ribavirin Indications

Answer 14

• HCV

- RSV

Question 15

Ribavirin SE

Answer 15

Severe hemolytic anemia

Question 16

Ribavirin Contraindications

Answer 16

Pregnancy

Question 17

Pegylated Interferon MOA

Answer 17

Stimulates host antiviral immunity

Question 18

What are the best drugs to use for HCV?

Answer 18

Direct Acting Antivirals

Question 19

What is the function of NS3/4A in HCV?

Answer 19

Viral protease to cleave translated proteins

Question 20

What is MOA of the DAA drugs?

Answer 20

• Competitively inhibit viral protease

- Inhibit viral RNA polymerase, allosterically or via chain

Question 21

Entecavir MOA

Answer 21

Guanosine analog; inhibits viral polymerase

Question 22

Tenofovir MOA

Answer 22

Adenosine analog; inhibits viral polymerase

Question 23

Entecavir SE

Answer 23

Lactic acidosis with rebound hepatitis

Question 24

What type of influenza does amantidine work against?

Answer 24

Only type A influenza

Question 25

What are some of the SE of amantidine?

Answer 25

Anxiety, disorientation, headache

Question 26

What class are zanaminivir and oseltamivir?

Answer 26

Neuraminidase Inhibitors