Antiulcer Agents

Question 0

Describe the action of proton-pump inhibitors: omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantroprazol.

Answer 0

Proton pump inhibitors bind to enzyme on gastric parietal cells in the presence of acidic gastric pH, preventing the final transport of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen.

Therapeutic effects: diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux. Healing of duodenal ulcers.

Question 1

List some trade names of omeprazole.

Answer 1

• Losec
• Prilosec*
• Prilosec OTC

Question 2

Describe the period of action of omeprazole.

Answer 2

Route: PO – delayed release
Onset: within 1 hour
Peak: within 2 hours
Duration: 72 to 96 hours

Question 3

List some trade names of lansoprazole.

Answer 3

• Prevacid*

- Prevacid 24 hr

Question 4

Describe the period of action of lansoprazole.

Answer 4

Route: PO
Onset: rapid
Peak: 1.7 hours
Duration: more than 24 hours

Question 5

Describe the period of action of pantoprazole.

Answer 5

Route: PO
Onset: 2.5 hours
Peak: unknown
Duration: 1 week

Route: IV
Onset: 15 to 30 minutes
Peak: 2 hours
Duration: unknown

Question 6

List some trade names of cimetidine.

Answer 6

• Tagamet

- Tagamet HB

Question 7

Describe the action of Histamine H2 antagonists: cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine.

Answer 7

Histamine H2 antagonists inhibit the action of histamine at the H2-receptor site located primarily in gastric parietal cells, resulting in inhibition of gastric acid secretion.

Therapeutic effects: healing and prevention of ulcers. Decreased symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Decreased secretion of gastric acid.

Question 8

Describe the period of action of cimetidine.

Answer 8

Route: PO
Onset: 30 minutes
Peak: 45 to 90 minutes
Duration: 4 to 5 hours

Route: IM, IV
Onset: 10 minutes
Peak: 30 minutes
Duration: 4 to 5 hours

Question 9

List some trade names of famotidine.

Answer 9

• Pepcid

- Pepcid AC

Question 10

List some trade names of ranitidine.

Answer 10

• Zantac
• Zantac 75
• ZantacEFFERdose
• Zantac 150

Question 11

Describe the period of action of famotidine.

Answer 11

Route: PO
Onset: within 60 minutes
Peak: 1 to 4 hours
Duration: 6 to 12 hours

Route: IV
Onset: within 60 minutes
Peak: 0.5 to 3 hours
Duration: 8 to 15 hours

Question 12

Describe the period of action of ranitidine.

Answer 12

Route: PO
Onset: unknown
Peak: 1 to 3 hours
Duration: 8 to 12 hours

Route: IM, IV
Onset: unknown
Peak: 15 minutes
Duration: 8 to 12 hours