Antithrombotic drugs

Question 1

What are the three drug classes in Antithrombotic medications?

Answer 1

anticoagulants
antiplatelet agents
fibrinolytic agents

Question 2

What is the mechanism of Antiplatelet agents

Answer 2

These inhibit platelet function by preventing platelet aggregation

Question 3

How is Platelet aggregation prevented?

Answer 3

This may be achieved medically by

irreversibly preventing platelet prostanoid production,

raising platelet camp,

blocking platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa receptors

blocking the platelet effects of adenosine diphosphate (adp) and thrombin

Question 4

What effects do anticoagulants have?

Answer 4

Either Inactivate (indirectly or directly) clotting factors or inhibit their hepatic production (via vitamin k antagonism) to prevent fibrin formation and blood coagulation

Question 5

What drug is used for Irreversible Inhibition of prostanoid production

Answer 5

Aspirin

Question 6

What drug is used for Elevation of Camp

Answer 6

Epoprostenol (=synthetic prostacyclin (PGI2), acting on ip receptors)

dipyridamole, cilostazol (=phosphodiesterase inhibitors)

Question 7

What drug is used for Blockade of adp receptors

Answer 7

Clopidogrel, prasugrel (=ADP receptor antagonists)

Question 8

What drug is used for Blockade of gp IIb-iiia receptors

Answer 8

Eptifibatide, tirofiban(=GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors)

Question 9

What drug is used for Blockade of PAR-1

Answer 9

vorapaxar (=thrombin receptor antagonist)

Question 10

What is the mechanism of Fibrinolytic agents

Answer 10

These agents break up established thrombi by removing fibrin (fibrinolysis), via the activation of plasminogen

Question 11

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tpa) class examples are_______

Answer 11

Alteplase, duteplase,

Question 12

What are Plasminogen activators

Answer 12

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tpa) class

Urinary-type plasminogen activator (upa) class

Streptokinase

Question 13

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tpa) class

Answer 13

Alteplase, duteplase,

Question 14

An example of Urinary-type plasminogen activator (upa) class is?

Answer 14

Urokinase

Question 15

Example of Streptokinase?

Answer 15

Bacterial product

Question 16

Which drug indirectly inactivates both thrombin and factor Xa ?

Answer 16

Heparin

Question 17

Which medication reverses the effects of Heparin?

Answer 17

protamine sulphate

Question 18

Which drugs directly inactivates thrombin?

Answer 18

bivalirudin, 
lepirudin, 
desirudin, 
argatroban, 
dabigatran (DOAC)

Question 19

Which drugs indirectly inactivates Factor Xa?

Answer 19

heparin , enoxaparin, dalteparin, tinzaparin , fondaparinux, danaparoid

Question 20

Which drugs directly inactivates Factor Xa?

Answer 20

rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban (DOACs)

Question 21

Which drugs Inhibits clotting factor production (factors II (prothrombin), vii, ix and x)?

Answer 21

warfarin, acenocoumarol, phenindione

Question 22

Which drug reverses the effects of Warfarin?

Answer 22

phytomenadione (vitamin K1)