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CNS > Antipsychotics: SAQ > Flashcards

Antipsychotics: SAQ Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary mechanism of action of antipsychotic medications?

A

Blocking dopamine receptors in the brain

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2
Q

Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by antipsychotic drugs?

A

Dopamine

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3
Q

True or False: Antipsychotics are commonly used to treat depression.

A

False

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4
Q

What is the term for the side effect of antipsychotic medications that causes involuntary movements?

A

Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)

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5
Q

Which class of antipsychotic medications is known for causing fewer side effects like weight gain and sedation?

A

Atypical antipsychotics

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6
Q

What is the 4 differences between typical and atypical antipsychotic medications?

A

Typical:
•D2 receptor antagonist
•Reduces +ve symptoms
•Inc Extrapyramidal symptoms
•Has high potency in D2 receptors

Atypical:
•D2 & Serotonin 5-HT2A antagonist
•Reduces +ve & -ve symptoms
•Dec Extrapyramidal symptoms
• Has low potency in D2 receptors

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7
Q

What is the term for a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications that involves high fever, unstable blood pressure, and delirium?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

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8
Q

Which antipsychotic medication is commonly used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder?

A

Risperidone

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9
Q

What is the term for the gradual reduction of antipsychotic medication dosage?

A

Tapering

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10
Q

What is the primary goal of using antipsychotic medications in the treatment of psychotic disorders?

A

Managing symptoms and improving quality of life

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11
Q

Give 3 AE of typical antipsychotics

A
  • Extrapyramidal SE:
    ↳ Acute dystonia
    ↳ Pseudoparkinsonism
    ↳ Akathisia
    ↳ Tardive Dyskinesia
  • Anti-HAM SE:
    ↳ Anti-Histamine (Sedation, ↑ Weight)
    ↳ Anti-Adrenergic (Ortho hypo, sexual dysfunc)
    ↳ Antimuscarinic
    (Xerostomia, Tachycardia, blurry vision,
    urinary retention, constipation)
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12
Q

What is the term for the phenomenon where some patients do not respond to antipsychotic medications?

A

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia

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13
Q

What is the primary concern when prescribing antipsychotic medications to elderly patients?

A

Increased risk of falls and cognitive impairment

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14
Q

Which of the following is a high-potency typical antipsychotic?
A) Chlorpromazine
B) Haloperidol
C) Thioridazine
D) Clozapine

A

ANS: B) Haloperidol

A) Chlorpromazine - low potency
B) Haloperidol
C) Thioridazine - low potency
D) Clozapine - Atypical antipsychotics

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15
Q

Which neurotransmitter system is also affected by antipsychotic medications besides dopamine?

A

Serotonin

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16
Q

True or False: Antipsychotic medications can be used as a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders.

A

False

17
Q

What is the term for the state of being free from psychotic symptoms?

A

Remission

18
Q

Which of the antipsychotic medication is commonly used to treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A) Chlorpromazine
B) Perphenazine
C) Olanzapine
D) Thioridazine

A

ANS: C) Olanzapine

A) Chlorpromazine - High potency typical
B) Perphenazine - High potency typical
C) Olanzapine - Atypical
D) Thioridazine - Low potency typical

19
Q

What is the term for the involuntary muscle contractions caused by antipsychotic medications?

A

Dystonia

20
Q

What is the primary reason for monitoring metabolic parameters in patients taking antipsychotic medications?

A

To prevent weight gain and metabolic syndrome

21
Q

What is the term for the combination of psychotic symptoms and mood symptoms, often seen in bipolar disorder?

A

Psychosis with mood symptoms

22
Q

Which antipsychotic medication is commonly used for the treatment of Tourette syndrome?

A

Haloperidol

23
Q

What is the term for the strategy of combining antipsychotic medications with other psychotropic drugs?

A

Augmentation

CNS (5 decks)

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