Antipsychotics and Antidepressants Flashcards
Antidepressants
a patient with major depressive disorder is most likely to develop antidepressant poop-out during maintenance treatment when she is taking which antidepressant?
sertraline
Antidepressants
this type of antidepressant is a selective inhibitors of norepinephrine (NE; greater reuptake of NE) & tends to have a better side effect profile (i.e., no sedative, anticholinergic, or hypotensive side effects)
secondary amines
Antidepressants
(SSRIs/TCAs) tend to have fewer side effects & are less cardiotoxic
SSRIs
Antidepressants
which antidepressant is least likely to have an adverse impact on sexual functioning?
bupropion (Wellbutrin)
First Generation Antipsychotics
this is a severe side effect of long-term use of first-gen antipsychotic?
tardive dyskinesia
Antipsychotics
this side effect primarily begins with involuntary movements of the tongue, face, and jaw
tardive dyskinesia
Antidepressants
taking both an SSRI and an MAOI together may cause this side effect, which is characterized by agitation, hyperthermia, & autonomic instability (e.g., sweating, increased body temp, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure)
serotonin syndrome
Antidepressants
this antidepressant (generic name) increases norepinephrine and dopamine levels, resulting in an energizing (stimulating) effect
buproprion (Wellbutrin)
1) tardive dyskinesia (e.g., involuntary, repetitive movements in the face, arms, legs)
2) parkinsonism (e.g., tremors, rigidity)
3) dystonia (e.g., involuntary muscle contractions, spasms, and abnormal postures)
4) akathisia (e.g., restlessness, inabiltiy to sit still)
Second Generation Antipsychotics
primary side effects of second-gen antipsychotics
metabolic (weight gain)
First Generation Antipsychotics
list the sxs of schizophrenia that are targeted by first-gen antipsychotics
only positive sxs
e.g., hallucinations & delusions
Second Generation Antipsychotics**
list the sxs of schizophrenia that are targeted by second-gen antipsychotics?
positive & negative sxs
Antipsychotics
list the main differences in treatment effects (i.e., neurological) between first-gen & second-gen antipsychotics
first-gen: block dopamine receptors
second-gen: block dopamine & serotonin receptors
First Generation Antipsychotics
list the 4 first-gen antipsychotics (generic names)
- chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- haloperidol (Haldol)
- thioridazine (Mellaril)
- fluphenazine (Prolixin)
First Generation Antipsychotics
list 2 major side effects of first-gen antipsychotics
- extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)
-
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
(e.g., agranulocytosis
cardiotoxic)
First Generation Antipsychotics
list 5 symptoms indicative of anticholinergic side effects from first-gen antipsychotics
list the 2 meds most likely to cause these side effects (low potency)
- dry mouth
- blurred vision
- urinary retention
- constipation
- tachycardia
chlorpromazine & thioridazine
First Generation Antipsychotics
name the 2 high potency first-gen antipsychotics more likely to cause extrapyramidal side effects
haloperidol & fluphenazine
First Generation Antipsychotics
this extrapyramidal side effect is potentially life threatening, begins after long-term drug use, and is more common in women & older adults
tardive dyskinesia
First Generation Antipsychotics
list 2 symptoms of tardive dyskensia
- involuntary, rhythmic movements of the tongue, face, & jaw (may also affect the limbs & trunk)
First Generation Antipsychotics
describe the treatment for tardive dyskinesia
- irreversible
- taper off
- Rx benzo or second-gen antipsychotic
First Generation Antipsychotics
symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
autonomic dysfunction
- unstable blood pressure
- tachycardia
- excessive sweating
altered mental state
- confusion
- combativeness
First Generation Antipsychotics
describe the treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- stop at first sign
- hydrate & cool
Second Generation Antipsychotics
list the 5 second-gen antipsychotics (SGAs)
- clozapine (Clozaril)
- olanzapine (Zyprexa)
- quetiapine (Seroquel)
- risperidone (Risperdal)
- aripiprazole (Abilify)
Second Generation Antipsychotics
list the 2 primary disorders second-gen antipsychotics treat
schizophrenia
MDD