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Psychiatry - Pharmacology > Antipsychotics > Flashcards

Antipsychotics Flashcards

1
Q

What class is haloperidol?

A

Typical

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2
Q

What class is olanzapine?

A

Atypical

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3
Q

What class is trifluoperazine?

A

Typical

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4
Q

What class is fluphenazine?

A

Typical

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5
Q

What class is clozapine?

A

Atypical

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6
Q

What class is thioridazine?

A

Typical

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7
Q

What class is quetiapine?

A

Atypical

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8
Q

What class is chlorpromazine?

A

Typical

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9
Q

What class is risperidone?

A

Atypical

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10
Q

What class is aripiprazole?

A

Atypical

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11
Q

What class is ziprasidone?

A

Atypical

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of typical antipsychotics?

A

Block dopamine2 receptors. (Increase cAMP)

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13
Q

Which are the clinical uses for typical antipsychotics?

A

Schizophrenia - primarily positive sx
Psychosis/acute mania
Tourette’s syndrome

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14
Q

Which typical antipsychotics have high potency?

A

Trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol

TRI to Fly High

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15
Q

Which typical antipsychotics have low potency?

A

Chlorpromazine, thioridazine

CHeating THIeves are low

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16
Q

Why are typical antipsychotics slow to eliminate from body?

A

Highly lipid soluble, stored in body fat

17
Q

What are “extrapyramidal side effects”?

A

Dyskinesias.

18
Q

What EPS side effects of typical antipsychotics are seen within 4 hrs?

A

Acute dystonia - muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis

19
Q

What EPS side effects of typical antipsychotics are seen within 4 days?

A

Akathisia - restlessness.

20
Q

What EPS side effects of typical antipsychotics are seen within 4 weeks?

A

bradykinesia/parkinsonism

21
Q

What EPS side effects of typical antipsychotics are seen within 4 months?

A

Tardive dyskinesia - stereotypic oral facial movements

22
Q

What medications control EPS side effects?

A

Benztropine or diphenhydramine

23
Q

What are the endocrine side effects of typical antipsychotics caused by/manifest as?

A

Dopamine receptor antagonism –> hyperprolactinemia –> galactorrhea

24
Q

What other side effects are associated with typical antipsychotics (non-dopamine receptor mediated)

A

Muscarinic block: dry mouth/constipation
Alpha1 block: hypotension
Histamine receptor block: Sedation
QT prolongation

25
Q

What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A

FEVER:
Fever, Encephalopathy, Vitals unstable, Enzymes Up (CK), Rigidity of muscles
*myoglobinuria

26
Q

What is the treatment for NMS?

A

Dantrolene, D2 agonists (eg bromocriptine)

27
Q

Which antipsychotic is associated with corneal deposits?

A

chlorpromazine

28
Q

Which antipsychotic is associated with retinal deposits?

A

Thioridazine

29
Q

What is the mechanism of atypical antipsychotics?

A

Not completely understood. Varied effects on 5HT-2, dopamine, alpha and H1 receptors.

30
Q

What is the difference between 5HT-1 and 5HT-2?

A

5HT-1 couples to Gi. Decr cAMP.

5HT-2 couples to Gq. Incr IP3

31
Q

What are the clinical uses for atypical antipsychotics?

A

Schizophrenia (pos and neg)
Bipolar disorder
OCD, anxiety disorder, depression, mania, tourettes

32
Q

What antipsychotics are assoicated with weight gain?

A

Olanzapine, clozapine

33
Q

Which antipsychotic is associated with agranulocytosis?

A

Clozapine. Requires weekly WBC monitoring.

34
Q

What side effects are associated with clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis, weight gain, seizure

35
Q

Which side effects are associated with risperidone?

A

Increased prolactin: lactation/gynecomastia
Decr GnrH/LH/FSH:
irreg menstruation, fertility issues

36
Q

Which types of antipsychotics may prolong QT interval?

A

All of them.

Psychiatry - Pharmacology (3 decks)

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