Antipsychoses Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology: of schizophrenia

A

Stress diathesis

Biological (transmethylation,serotonin,da, hypothesis)

Psychological

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2
Q

serotonin hypothesis

A

Blockade of the 5HT2A-receptor
( clozapine, quetiapine)

> release da, ne, gluatamate, GABA, Ach

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3
Q

Dopamine hypothesis

A

Blockade d2 cns receptor (mesolimbic-mesocortical pathway)

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4
Q

Mesolimbic pathway

A

Positive symptoms

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5
Q

Mesocortical pathway

A

Negative and cognitive symptoms

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6
Q

Glutamate hypothesis

A

Decrease glutamate transmission

Fewer receptor in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

INHIBITS NMDA GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS

+ - high doses symptoms

ABUSE OF PHENCYCLIDINE (ANGEL DUST)

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7
Q

Glycine modulatory site on NMDA RECEPTOR

A

reduction in negative symptoms cognitive and positive in glutamate hypo. (CLOZAPINE)

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8
Q

Type 1 -acute schizo

A

Positive symptoms (hallucination, delusions) good prognosis..

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9
Q

Type 2-chronic schizo

A

Negative symptoms .. less prognosis

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10
Q

Phenothiazines derivatives:

A

Aliphatic- clorpromazine(prototypye)
Piperadine-(thioridazine)
Piperazine-(fluphenazine)

Aliphatic and piperadine less potent(sedation &weightgain)

Piperazine more potent(effective lower dose)

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11
Q

Haloperidol

A

Butyrophenone(fewer autonomic) greater extrapyramidial effect.

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12
Q

Typical antipsycho drugs

A

Miscalleanous: PIMOZIDE AND MOLINDONE

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13
Q

2nd gen antipsycho

A

CLOZAPINE- PROTOTYPE

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14
Q

Glutamatergic antipsycho

A

BITOPERTIN AND SARCOSERINE

(Grreater 5-HT2A RECEPTOR) Than with D2

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15
Q

Class of atypical potent in D2 and D3 but also 5HT7 Antagonist

A

SULPRIDE AND SULPIRIDE

(Increase SERUM PROLACTIN) tardive dyskinesia

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16
Q

Clozapine

A

Rapid and severe relapse should never abruptly withdrawn
(EFFECT: myocarditis and agranulocytosis)

Metabolized: CYP450, 2D6, 1A2, 3A4
Drug intx: ketoconazole- inhibitor of 450

17
Q

5 impt dopaminergic pathways in brain:

A
  1. Mesolimbic-mesocortical (first pathway) related behavior
  2. Nigrostriatal -substantia nigra >caudate/putamen: coordination of voluntary movt

3.