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Antipsicotici Flashcards

1
Q

class. chimica QUETIAPINA

A

Dibenzodiazepine

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2
Q

class. chimica CLORPROMAZINA

A

Fenotiazine alifatiche

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3
Q

class. chimica TRIFLUOPROMAZINA

A

Fenotiazine alifatiche

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4
Q

class. chimica TIORIDAZINA

A

Fenotiazine piperidiniche

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5
Q

class. chimica FLUFENAZINA

A

Fenotiazine piperaziniche

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6
Q

class. chimica CLORPROTIZENE

A

Tioxanteni

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7
Q

class. chimica ALOPERIDOLO

A

Butirrofenoni

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8
Q

class. chimica CLOZAPINA

A

Dibenzodiazepine

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9
Q

class. chimica OLANZAPINA

A

Dibenzodiazepine

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10
Q

class. chimica RISPERIDONE

A

Derivati benziossazolici

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11
Q

Antipsicotici TIPICI (6)

A
  1. Clorpromazina
  2. Trifluopromazina
  3. Tioridazina
  4. Flufenazina
  5. Flupentixolo
  6. Aloperidolo
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12
Q

Antipsicotici ATIPICI (4)

A
  1. Clozapina
  2. Olanzapina
  3. Quetiapina
  4. Risperidone
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13
Q

What are atypical antipsychotics commonly used for?

A

They are commonly used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

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14
Q

True or False: Atypical antipsychotics have no side effects.

A

False

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15
Q

Name one common side effect of atypical antipsychotics.

A

Weight gain

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: Atypical antipsychotics can cause __________ in some patients.

A

drowsiness

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17
Q

What is a very common side effect of atypical antipsychotics?

A

Dry mouth

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18
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a frequent side effect of atypical antipsychotics? A) Nausea B) Hair loss C) Increased appetite D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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19
Q

True or False: Extrapyramidal symptoms are common with atypical antipsychotics.

A

True

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20
Q

What should patients monitor for when taking atypical antipsychotics?

A

They should monitor for weight changes and metabolic syndrome.

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21
Q

Name a very frequent side effect related to metabolic changes caused by atypical antipsychotics.

A

Hyperglycemia

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: Some atypical antipsychotics may cause __________, which is an increase in blood sugar levels.

A

hyperglycemia

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23
Q

What is akathisia?

A

A feeling of inner restlessness and an uncontrollable need to be in constant motion, which can be a side effect of atypical antipsychotics.

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24
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of atypical antipsychotics? A) Sedation B) Weight loss C) Constipation D) Dizziness

A

B) Weight loss

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25
Q

True or False: All atypical antipsychotics cause the same side effects.

A

False

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26
Q

What is one cardiovascular-related side effect of atypical antipsychotics?

A

Orthostatic hypotension

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27
Q

Fill in the blank: Atypical antipsychotics can lead to __________, a condition where blood pressure drops upon standing.

A

orthostatic hypotension

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28
Q

Name one neurological side effect associated with atypical antipsychotics.

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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29
Q

What is the risk of developing metabolic syndrome with atypical antipsychotics?

A

Increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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30
Q

Multiple choice: Which side effect is characterized by involuntary movements? A) Weight gain B) Tardive dyskinesia C) Dry mouth D) Sedation

A

B) Tardive dyskinesia

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31
Q

True or False: Long-term use of atypical antipsychotics can lead to irreversible side effects.

A

True

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32
Q

What is the importance of monitoring lipid levels in patients taking atypical antipsychotics?

A

To assess the risk of developing dyslipidemia.

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33
Q

Fill in the blank: Patients on atypical antipsychotics should regularly check their __________ to monitor for potential side effects.

A

weight and blood glucose levels

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34
Q

What is the primary concern with weight gain as a side effect of atypical antipsychotics?

A

It can lead to obesity and related health issues.

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35
Q

Multiple choice: Which atypical antipsychotic is known for having a lower risk of weight gain? A) Olanzapine B) Aripiprazole C) Clozapine D) Risperidone

A

B) Aripiprazole

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36
Q

True or False: The side effects of atypical antipsychotics can vary significantly between different medications.

A

True

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37
Q

What is one common gastrointestinal side effect of atypical antipsychotics?

A

Constipation

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38
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is a common side effect that may require dietary adjustments in patients taking atypical antipsychotics.

A

Constipation

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39
Q

What psychological side effect might atypical antipsychotics induce?

A

Anxiety

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40
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a very common side effect of atypical antipsychotics? A) Insomnia B) Weight gain C) Hair loss D) Skin rash

A

B) Weight gain

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41
Q

True or False: Atypical antipsychotics can cause sexual dysfunction.

42
Q

Name one endocrine side effect of atypical antipsychotics.

A

Galactorrhea

43
Q

Fill in the blank: Atypical antipsychotics may affect hormone levels, leading to __________.

A

galactorrhea

44
Q

What is the relationship between atypical antipsychotics and sedation?

A

Many atypical antipsychotics can cause sedation as a side effect.

45
Q

Multiple choice: Which side effect of atypical antipsychotics can be mistaken for a psychiatric condition? A) Weight gain B) Tardive dyskinesia C) Akathisia D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

46
Q

True or False: Side effects of atypical antipsychotics can often be managed with dose adjustments.

47
Q

What should be discussed with patients regarding the side effects of atypical antipsychotics?

A

Potential side effects and the importance of monitoring.

48
Q

Fill in the blank: Patients should be informed that __________ can occur with atypical antipsychotic treatment.

A

side effects

49
Q

What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

A

A rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications characterized by muscle rigidity and fever.

50
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a serious side effect of atypical antipsychotics? A) Weight gain B) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome C) Dry mouth D) Sedation

A

B) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

51
Q

True or False: Patients can stop taking atypical antipsychotics abruptly without consequences.

52
Q

What is the recommended approach if a patient experiences severe side effects from atypical antipsychotics?

A

Consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and possible medication adjustment.

53
Q

What is the active ingredient in Risperidon?

A

Risperidone

54
Q

True or False: Risperidon is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders.

55
Q

What types of conditions is Risperidon commonly prescribed for?

A

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism.

56
Q

Fill in the blank: Risperidon belongs to a class of medications known as __________.

A

antipsychotics

57
Q

What is a common side effect of Risperidon?

A

Weight gain

58
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a side effect of Risperidon? A) Drowsiness B) Insomnia C) Increased appetite D) Hallucinations

A

B) Insomnia

59
Q

What is the recommended starting dose of Risperidon for adults with schizophrenia?

A

1 mg once daily

60
Q

True or False: Risperidon can be taken with or without food.

61
Q

What should be monitored regularly in patients taking Risperidon?

A

Weight and metabolic parameters

62
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a serious potential side effect of Risperidon? A) Dry mouth B) Tardive dyskinesia C) Nausea D) Rash

A

B) Tardive dyskinesia

63
Q

What is the maximum recommended dose of Risperidon for adults?

A

6 mg per day

64
Q

True or False: Risperidon can cause increased levels of prolactin.

65
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Risperidon?

A

It primarily works by blocking dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: Patients taking Risperidon should avoid __________ due to the risk of dehydration.

A

excessive heat exposure

67
Q

What should patients do if they miss a dose of Risperidon?

A

Take it as soon as they remember, but skip it if it’s almost time for the next dose.

68
Q

Multiple Choice: Which population may require a lower dose of Risperidon? A) Elderly B) Teenagers C) Athletes D) All of the above

A

A) Elderly

69
Q

What is a contraindication for taking Risperidon?

A

Hypersensitivity to risperidone or any of its components.

70
Q

True or False: Risperidon is safe to use during pregnancy without risk.

71
Q

What should be considered when prescribing Risperidon to older adults?

A

Increased risk of cerebrovascular events.

72
Q

Fill in the blank: Risperidon may interact with __________ medications, increasing the risk of side effects.

A

CNS depressants

73
Q

What is the effect of Risperidon on mood stabilization?

A

It can help stabilize mood in patients with bipolar disorder.

74
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common use of Risperidon in children? A) ADHD B) Autism spectrum disorders C) Depression D) Insomnia

A

B) Autism spectrum disorders

75
Q

True or False: Long-term use of Risperidon can lead to metabolic syndrome.

76
Q

What is the primary way Risperidon is metabolized in the body?

A

By the liver, primarily through cytochrome P450 enzymes.

77
Q

What should patients do if they experience severe side effects while taking Risperidon?

A

Contact their healthcare provider immediately.

78
Q

Fill in the blank: Risperidon is available in ________ forms.

A

tablet, orally disintegrating tablet, and liquid

79
Q

What is Aripiprazole primarily used to treat?

A

Aripiprazole is primarily used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

80
Q

True or False: Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic medication.

81
Q

What is the common brand name for Aripiprazole?

82
Q

Fill in the blank: Aripiprazole can be used as an adjunct treatment for ______.

A

major depressive disorder

83
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Aripiprazole?

A

Aripiprazole acts as a partial agonist at dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, and an antagonist at 5-HT2A receptors.

84
Q

What should be monitored in patients taking Aripiprazole?

A

Patients’ weight, metabolic parameters, and mental status should be monitored.

85
Q

True or False: Aripiprazole can cause sedation.

86
Q

What are common side effects of Aripiprazole?

A

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, constipation, headache, dizziness, and insomnia.

87
Q

What is the recommended starting dose of Aripiprazole for adults with schizophrenia?

A

The recommended starting dose is typically 10 to 15 mg once daily.

88
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a potential side effect of Aripiprazole? A) Weight gain B) Akathisia C) Dry mouth D) Hair loss

A

D) Hair loss

89
Q

True or False: Aripiprazole can be used in pediatric populations.

90
Q

What is a serious risk associated with the use of Aripiprazole in elderly patients with dementia?

A

Increased risk of mortality.

91
Q

Fill in the blank: Aripiprazole is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to ______.

A

Aripiprazole

92
Q

What is the half-life of Aripiprazole?

A

The half-life of Aripiprazole is approximately 75 hours.

93
Q

Multiple Choice: Which enzyme primarily metabolizes Aripiprazole? A) CYP2D6 B) CYP3A4 C) Both A and B D) None of the above

A

C) Both A and B

94
Q

True or False: Aripiprazole has a lower risk of metabolic side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

95
Q

What should be done if a dose of Aripiprazole is missed?

A

Take the missed dose as soon as remembered, but skip it if it’s almost time for the next dose.

96
Q

Fill in the blank: Aripiprazole can cause ______ symptoms, such as restlessness and inability to sit still.

97
Q

What is the maximum recommended daily dose of Aripiprazole for treating schizophrenia?

A

The maximum recommended daily dose is 30 mg.

98
Q

True or False: Aripiprazole is associated with an increased risk of tardive dyskinesia.

99
Q

What should patients be advised to avoid while taking Aripiprazole?

A

Patients should be advised to avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.

100
Q

Fill in the blank: The generic name for Abilify is ______.

A

Aripiprazole

101
Q

What is one of the first-line treatments for acute mania in bipolar disorder?

A

Aripiprazole

102
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following conditions is Aripiprazole NOT indicated for? A) Schizophrenia B) Bipolar disorder C) Anxiety disorder D) Major depressive disorder

A

C) Anxiety disorder

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