Antiplatelet Drugs Flashcards
how do platelets become activated?
- release factor (Von Willebrand) —> become sticky and adhere to the site of injury
- secrete ADP and thromboxane A2 promoting aggregation and plug formation
what is aspirin & what does it do?
- antiplatelet
- acetulsalicylic acid (ASA)
• inhibits formation of thromboxane A2
what is the indication for aspirin?
• prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks (small stroke) and MI
what is the adverse effects of aspirin?
GI bleeds
Dyspepsia (indigestion)
Nausea
***enteric coated —> passes stomach, prevents ulcers
what are the drug-drug interactions of aspirin?
may increase risk of bleeding with anti-coagulants and anti-platelet medications
what is clopidogrel and what does it do?
- antiplatelet drug
- ADP receptor blocker
- alters membrane of platelets —> they don’t know what to do —> don’t aggregate.
- platelets unable to recognize chemical signals
- 94-98% is bound to plasma protein
- onset one full day, peak 3-7 days
what is the indication for clopidogrel?
- prophylaxis of arterial thromboembolism
* reduce risk of stroke and MI
what are the adverse effects of clopidogrel?
GI bleeding
Neutropenia (low neutrophil count - can’t fight against bact./fungal infections)
Flu-like symptoms
what is a platelet count?
a part of a CBC
what is the normal range for platelets?
150,000 - 400,000 platelets per microliter
what platelet count indicated thrombocytopenia (low platelets)?
< 150,000 platelets
when should antiplatelet therapy be continued?
when platelet count is < 80,000.
what are the 5 nursing implications and teaching of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy?
- increased risk of bleeding with concurrent anticoagulant and antiplatelet meds
- d/c 5-7 days before surgical procedures
- abrupt discontinuation may increase risk of CV events
- assess for s/sx of bleeding
- report unusual bleeding or bruising
what are the 5 food herbal interactions??
chamomile, feverfew, garlic, gingko, and ginger… may increase bleeding
