Antineoplastics

Question 1

4 cancer therapies

Answer 1

Chemotherapy
Radiation
Surgery
Alternatives (palliative, homeopathic, etc)

Question 2

Difference between CCS and CCNS therapies

Answer 2

Cell cycle specific therapies need to be given at a specific time in the cell cycle to be most effective

Question 3

5 reasons for combo chemo

Answer 3

Different MOA, increased percentage of cells killed, allows for lower doses of each med, reduced side effects, slows resistance

Question 4

Chemo patient education (3)

Answer 4

Importance of schedule
Chemo works better if well nourished
Prevent infections

Question 5

Goals of chemotherapy (2)

Answer 5

Total cure

Palliation

Question 6

What do you do before administering every dose of chemotherapy?

Answer 6

Obtain accurate weight

Question 7

You respond to call light of patient on chemo and find a puddle on the floor, what do you do?

Answer 7

Initiate hazmat protocol, cannot clean up without special training

Question 8

Precautions taken when administering chemotherapy

Answer 8

PPE: gown, chemo-safe gloves, mask, goggles

Question 9

What types of cells does chemo affect?

Answer 9

Fast growing/multiplying

GI, hair follicles, bone marrow (cell creation)

Question 10

Nadir

Answer 10

The point a few weeks into therapy when a patients white count is essentially depleted

Question 11

Common labs to watch with cancer treatment

Answer 11

WBC
CBC
Plt
Uric acid
Electrolytes (esp. hyperCa, hypoMg)

Question 12

GI affects of chemo

Answer 12

N/V/D/C
Anorexia
Mucositis

Question 13

Tamoxifen

Answer 13

Antiestrogen
Treats estrogen dependent tumors, causes a pseudomenopause
Adverse effects: hot flashes, fatigue, irregular menses

Question 14

T or F.

Estrogen slows the growth of prostatic cancer.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

T or F.

Androgens may be given to premenopausal women to treat breast cancer.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Mustard gas derivatives example

Answer 16

Cyclophosphamide

Cytoxan

Question 17

What is a vesicant?

Answer 17

Damaging to tissue if it leaks or extravasates

Question 18

Patient education with cyclophosphamide

Answer 18

Increases fluid intake to 2-3L per day to dilate urine and protect bladder
Report hematuria

Question 19

Methotrexate common toxicity

Answer 19

Hepatotoxicity

Question 20

Doxorubicin common toxicity

Answer 20

Cardiotoxicity

Max lifetime dose 550 mg/m^2

Question 21

Vincristrine adverse effects and toxicity

Answer 21

Reversible and irreversible neurotoxicity

Damages peripheral nerve fibers

Question 22

Traditional chemo agents (5)

Answer 22

Alkylating agents
Antimetabolites
Antitumor antibiotics
Plant alkaloids
Hormonal agents

Question 23

Targeted chemotherapies(3)

Answer 23

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Multikinase inhibitors
Vascular endothelial grow factor/receptor inhibitors

Question 24

Biological response modifiers (4)

Answer 24

Interferons
Colony stimulating factors
Interleukins
Keratinocyte growth factor