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Antimicrobials > Antimicrobials MOA > Flashcards

Antimicrobials MOA Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillins (V, G)

A

Beta lactams are cell wall active agents that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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2
Q

Penicillin Mechanism of Resistance

A

Inactivation by Betalactamase

modificant of PBP

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3
Q

Cloxacillin

A

Bactericidal

Bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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4
Q

Cloxacillin Mechanism of Resistance

A

Modification of PBP

Resistant to beta-lactamases (penicillinase resistant penicillin)

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5
Q

Amoxicillin/Ampicillin or Amoxi-Clav or Pip/taz

A

Bactericidal
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Clav/Taz: binds to beta-lactamases if resistance

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6
Q

Amoxicillin/Ampicillin/Piperacillin Resitance Mechanism

A

Inactivation by beta-lactamases and modification of PBP

Clav/taz: binds to beta-lactamases if resistance

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7
Q

1st gen cephalosporins: cefazolin (IV), cephalexin (po), cefadroxil (po)

A

Bactericidal

Cell wall active agent that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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8
Q

Cephalosporin Resistance Mechanism

A

Inactivation with beta-lactamases

Modification of PBP

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9
Q

2nd gen cephalosporins: cefuroxime (IV/PO), cefaclor (PO), cefprozil (PO), cefoxitin (IV)

A

Bactericidal

Cell wall active agent that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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10
Q

3rd gen cephalosporins: cefotaxime (IV), ceftriaxone (IV), ceftazidime (IV), cefixime (PO)

A

Bactericidal

Cell wall active agent that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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11
Q

4th gen cephalosporins: cefepime (IV)

A

Bactericidal

Cell wall active agent that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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12
Q

Carbapenems: imipenem (IV), meropenem (IV), ertapenem (IV), doripenem (IV)

A

Bactericidal

Cell wall active agent that bind to PBP and inhibit cell wall synthesis

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13
Q

Carbapenems Resitance

A

Inactivation with beta-lactamases

Modification of PBP

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14
Q

Macrolides: erythromycin (IV/PO), clarithromycin (PO), azithromycin (PO/IV)
Ketolide: Telithromycin (PO)

A

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits protein synthesis (prevents translocation of t-RNA)

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15
Q

Macrolide DI

A

CYP3A4 enzyme (erythromycin = most interacting; azithromycin = least)

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16
Q

Linacosamide: clindamycin

A

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits protein synthesis (50S) and toxic synthesis

17
Q

Aminoglycosides: gentamycin (IV), tobramycin (IV), amikacin (IV), streptomycin (IV)

A

Bactericidal

Disruption of bacterial protein synthesis (30S)

18
Q

Tetrcylcines: tetracycline (PO), doxycycline (PO), minocycline (PO)

A

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits protein synthesis

19
Q

Tigecylcine (IV)

A

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits protein synthesis

20
Q

Floroquinolones: norfloxacin (PO), ofloxacin (PO), ciprofloxacin (IV/PO), levofloxacin (IV/PO), moxifloxacin (IV/PO)

A

Bactericidal

Inhibits DNA replication (DNA gyrase inhibition)

21
Q

Metronidazole

A

Bactericidal

Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

22
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim

A

Bacteriostatic

Prevents folic acid synthesis

23
Q

Vancomycin

A

Bactericidal

Inhibits cell wall synthesis in gram +ve bacteria

24
Q

Daptomycin

A

Bactericidal

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

25
Q

Linezolid

A

Bacteriostatic (some bactericidal against strep, staph)

Blocks initiation of protein production

26
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Bactericidal

DNA & cell wall synthesis inhibitor

27
Q

Fosfomycin

A

Bactericidal

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

28
Q

Rifampin

A

Bactericidal?
Inhibit bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
(RNA polymerase inhibitor)

29
Q

What are bactericidal

A 
Beta-lactams
Vancomycin 
Aminoglycosides
Daptomycin 
Fluoroquinolones 
Metronidazole
30
Q

What are bacteriostatic

A

Tetracycline
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Linezolid

Antimicrobials (2 decks)

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