Antimicrobials

Question 1

Used to treat meningitis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the developing world. Causes gray baby syndrome

Answer 1

chloramphenicol

Question 2

Drugs that bind the 50S subunit

Answer 2

chloramphenicol, clindamycin, linezolid, macrolides, streptogramins (quinupristin, dalfopristin)

Question 3

Linezolid is used to treat

Answer 3

MRSA, VRE (E. faecalis, E. faecium)

Question 4

Adverse side effects of linezolid

Answer 4

bone marrow suppression, serotonin syndrome (inhibits MOA)

Question 5

Adverse side effects of macrolides

Answer 5

MACRO “M”-gastric motility, “A”- arrhythmia prolonged QT interval, “C”- cholestatic hepatitis, “R”- rash, “O”- eosinophilia

Question 6

Macrolide’s clinical use

Answer 6

atypical pneumonias (mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella), STI (chlamydia), B pertussis

Question 7

What condition can you not concurrently administer aminoglycosides

Answer 7

myasthenia gravis

Question 8

aminoglycosides are usually coupled with these other drugs to improve effectiveness

Answer 8

b-lactam antibiotics

Question 9

what is required for aminoglycoside uptake into the cell

Answer 9

O2 and b-lactam (probably)

Question 10

4 side effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 10

Nephrotoxicity, Neuromuscular blockade (don’t give to myasthenia gravis) Ototoxicity, Teratogen

Question 11

Neomycin

Answer 11

prep for bowel surgery, remains active in GI

Question 12

Paromycin

Answer 12

parasite infection like E. histolytica

Question 13

Streptomycin

Answer 13

F. tularensis, Y. pestis

Question 14

Gentamicin and Tobramycin

Answer 14

enterobacter, Serrate, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas

Question 15

Drugs that bind the 30s subunit

Answer 15

Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines