Antimicrobials Flashcards
Meropenem
Carbapenems, (Neg, anarob)
Severe misxed anaerobic, aerobic. LRTI CF. Meningitis.
Renal, Allergy, LFT, FBC, Na
0.5-1g TDS
Cefaclor
2nd Gen. Otitis Media, RTI caused by H. Influenzae, Acute bacterial sinusitis
375-750mg BD
Renal, Allergy, Hepatic, Serium like sickness ( skin eruptions, arthritis)
D, N, & V.
CC. DCC
Clindamycin
Lincosamide. (Pos, Anaerobe)
Alt penicillin severe allergy - dental, skin, bone. Bactieral vaginosis. Anaerobic infections. PCP treatment. Acne. Malaria
150-450 QID-TDS
Azithromycin
Macrolide (Pos, Anaerobe)
Chlamydial. CAP. Typhoid. Travellers Diarrhoea. T&P Pertussis
QT, Hepatic, Allergy,
Chlamd: 1g Stat. CAP: 500mg D. Typhoid: 500mg D 7/7. Trevellers 1g STAT or 500mg D 3/7
Cefuroxime
Acute bacterial sinusitis, RTI (H.Influz), Otitis media, Gonococcal infections
250-500 BD. 1g STAT
Renal, Allergy,
Swallow whole with a light meal
Clarithromycin
Eradication of H. pylori, LRTI, P&T of pertussis
QT, Renal, Allergy
250-500 BD
L5
Erythromycin
U/LRTI, P&T of pertussis, Chlamydial infections, Acne, Rosacea, 250-500 TDS- QID - Max 4g QT, Renal, Allergy, Cat A L5 L3B - NOT EES
Roxithromycin
U/LRTI, Skin infections, CAP
150mg BD, 300mg D
Hepatic, QT, FBC, Ototoxicity
15minutes before food - if it makes you sick take it with food.
Metronidazole
Nitroimidazoles
Protozoal (giardiasis), C.Diff, Denal, Intraabdominal Infactions, Aspiration pneumonia, lung abcess, PID
Renal & Hepatic (accumulation), FBC, peripheral neuropathy
200-400 bd-tds Max:4g
Tablets: cc. Liquid 1hr before food
Metallic taste - furry tongue
L12, L2, Tell doc is numbness or tingling in fingers
Tinidazole
Nitroimidazoles Protozoal, Bacterial Vaginosis, GI surgery prophylaxis 2g Stat or D for 2 days FBC, Hepatic. cc Metallic taste - furry tongue
Amoxycillin
CAP, Acute bacterial otitis media, sinusitis, Gonococcal, UTI, H. pylori
250-500 TDS, 1g BD. 3g stat + Proben 1g.
Renal, hepatic, FBC, Allregy
Flucloxacillin
Staphylococcal skin infections, Pneumonia, Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis.
Renal, Hepatic
250–500 mg every 6 hours
L3B
Ciprofloxacin
Quinolone
Complicated UTIs, Bone, P. aeruginosa infections, eg in CF, Prostatitis
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, FBC
250–500 BD. Max: 1.5g
L3B, L4, L8, Increase caffeine effects, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy
Moxifloxacin
Quinolone,
CAP, Severe Skin, Severe bacterial sinisitis, Multi drug resistant TB
400mg D
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, QT, FBC
Swallow whole. L4, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy
Norfloxacin
Quinolone
UTI, Travellers diarrhea, Prostatitis
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, FBC, transiant hearing loss
400mg bd (3/7 for UTI)
L3B, L4, L8, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy
Rifampicin
Rifamycin TB with other drugs, Leprosy, MRSA 10mg/kg, max 600mg D Hepatic, FBC, SrCr Take an hour before food, Take it regularly, as stop–start dosing can cause flu-like illnesses
Doxycycline
Tetracycline,
Acne, CAP, Chlamydial, PID, P&T of malaria, Q fever
Hepatic, Renal,
Food, upright, L4, L8,
Nitrofurantoin
Other Antibactierals
Acute UTI, Prophylaxis chronic UTI
50-100 QID (3/7 girls, 14/7 men)
Peripheral polyneuropathy (sensory loss (usually in lower limbs)), Pulmonary toxicity, hepatic, renal
CC, L12, Cough, numbness/tingling, change urine, stain lenses
Fluconazole
Azole P& S Prevention candidal infection in immunocompromised people. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Onychomycosis 100- 400 d. Potassium, FBC, ECG - QT. Renal. Hepatic L5
Itraconazole
Azole
P& S Prevention candidal infection in immunocompromised people. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Onychomycosis
100 mg capsule is roughly equivalent to 50 mg oral liquid.
100-200mg d-bd
Potassium, FBC, ECG - QT. Renal. Hepatic
Capsules: take with food (but not a rice meal) for best absorption. Do not take antacids within 2 hours
Oral liquid: take on an empty stomach
L5. Tell doc if tired
Miconazole
Azole
Oropharyngeal candidiasis, Fungal skin infections, Vulvovaginal candidiasis
half spoon for 7-14 days
category A
Do after food - keep in mouth for long as possible
Griseofulvin
Other Antifungal
Dermatophyte infection of skin
500-1g d.
cc. L12, L8. L2. Contraception - during treatment and for 4 weeks afterwards
Nystatin
Other Antifungals
Oropharyngeal candidiasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, Treatment and suppression of intestinal candidiasis
Australian category A
100 000 units 4 times daily for 7–14 days for treatment
Continue to use for several days after your symptoms disappear
Use after food
Aciclovir
Guanine analogues
Treatment and prevention of herpes simplex infections, shingles, Acute chickenpox
400mg tds - 800mg 5x day
Renal. FBC
drink plenty of fluids. herepes carry a course. shingles start asap.
