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Section 1 > Antimicrobials > Flashcards

Antimicrobials Flashcards

1
Q

Meropenem

A

Carbapenems, (Neg, anarob)
Severe misxed anaerobic, aerobic. LRTI CF. Meningitis.
Renal, Allergy, LFT, FBC, Na
0.5-1g TDS

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2
Q

Cefaclor

A

2nd Gen. Otitis Media, RTI caused by H. Influenzae, Acute bacterial sinusitis
375-750mg BD
Renal, Allergy, Hepatic, Serium like sickness ( skin eruptions, arthritis)
D, N, & V.
CC. DCC

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3
Q

Clindamycin

A

Lincosamide. (Pos, Anaerobe)
Alt penicillin severe allergy - dental, skin, bone. Bactieral vaginosis. Anaerobic infections. PCP treatment. Acne. Malaria
150-450 QID-TDS

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4
Q

Azithromycin

A

Macrolide (Pos, Anaerobe)
Chlamydial. CAP. Typhoid. Travellers Diarrhoea. T&P Pertussis
QT, Hepatic, Allergy,
Chlamd: 1g Stat. CAP: 500mg D. Typhoid: 500mg D 7/7. Trevellers 1g STAT or 500mg D 3/7

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5
Q

Cefuroxime

A

Acute bacterial sinusitis, RTI (H.Influz), Otitis media, Gonococcal infections
250-500 BD. 1g STAT
Renal, Allergy,
Swallow whole with a light meal

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6
Q

Clarithromycin

A

Eradication of H. pylori, LRTI, P&T of pertussis
QT, Renal, Allergy
250-500 BD
L5

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7
Q

Erythromycin

A 
U/LRTI, P&T of pertussis, Chlamydial infections, Acne, Rosacea,
250-500 TDS- QID - Max 4g
QT, Renal, Allergy, Cat A
L5
L3B - NOT EES
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8
Q

Roxithromycin

A

U/LRTI, Skin infections, CAP
150mg BD, 300mg D
Hepatic, QT, FBC, Ototoxicity
15minutes before food - if it makes you sick take it with food.

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9
Q

Metronidazole

A

Nitroimidazoles
Protozoal (giardiasis), C.Diff, Denal, Intraabdominal Infactions, Aspiration pneumonia, lung abcess, PID
Renal & Hepatic (accumulation), FBC, peripheral neuropathy
200-400 bd-tds Max:4g
Tablets: cc. Liquid 1hr before food
Metallic taste - furry tongue
L12, L2, Tell doc is numbness or tingling in fingers

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10
Q

Tinidazole

A 
Nitroimidazoles 
Protozoal, Bacterial Vaginosis, GI surgery prophylaxis
2g Stat or D for 2 days
FBC, Hepatic. 
cc
Metallic taste - furry tongue
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11
Q

Amoxycillin

A

CAP, Acute bacterial otitis media, sinusitis, Gonococcal, UTI, H. pylori
250-500 TDS, 1g BD. 3g stat + Proben 1g.
Renal, hepatic, FBC, Allregy

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12
Q

Flucloxacillin

A

Staphylococcal skin infections, Pneumonia, Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis.
Renal, Hepatic
250–500 mg every 6 hours
L3B

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13
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Quinolone
Complicated UTIs, Bone, P. aeruginosa infections, eg in CF, Prostatitis
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, FBC
250–500 BD. Max: 1.5g
L3B, L4, L8, Increase caffeine effects, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy

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14
Q

Moxifloxacin

A

Quinolone,
CAP, Severe Skin, Severe bacterial sinisitis, Multi drug resistant TB
400mg D
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, QT, FBC
Swallow whole. L4, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy

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15
Q

Norfloxacin

A

Quinolone
UTI, Travellers diarrhea, Prostatitis
Renal, Hepatic, Sezuires, FBC, transiant hearing loss
400mg bd (3/7 for UTI)
L3B, L4, L8, Tendon, peripheral neuropathy

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16
Q

Rifampicin

A 
Rifamycin
TB with other drugs, Leprosy, MRSA
10mg/kg, max 600mg D
Hepatic, FBC, SrCr
Take an hour before food,
Take it regularly, as stop–start dosing can cause flu-like illnesses
17
Q

Doxycycline

A

Tetracycline,
Acne, CAP, Chlamydial, PID, P&T of malaria, Q fever
Hepatic, Renal,
Food, upright, L4, L8,

18
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

Other Antibactierals
Acute UTI, Prophylaxis chronic UTI
50-100 QID (3/7 girls, 14/7 men)
Peripheral polyneuropathy (sensory loss (usually in lower limbs)), Pulmonary toxicity, hepatic, renal
CC, L12, Cough, numbness/tingling, change urine, stain lenses

19
Q

Fluconazole

A 
Azole
P& S Prevention candidal infection in immunocompromised people. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Onychomycosis 
100- 400 d.
Potassium, FBC, ECG - QT. Renal. Hepatic
L5
20
Q

Itraconazole

A

Azole
P& S Prevention candidal infection in immunocompromised people. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Onychomycosis
100 mg capsule is roughly equivalent to 50 mg oral liquid.
100-200mg d-bd
Potassium, FBC, ECG - QT. Renal. Hepatic
Capsules: take with food (but not a rice meal) for best absorption. Do not take antacids within 2 hours
Oral liquid: take on an empty stomach
L5. Tell doc if tired

21
Q

Miconazole

A

Azole
Oropharyngeal candidiasis, Fungal skin infections, Vulvovaginal candidiasis
half spoon for 7-14 days
category A
Do after food - keep in mouth for long as possible

22
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Other Antifungal
Dermatophyte infection of skin
500-1g d.
cc. L12, L8. L2. Contraception - during treatment and for 4 weeks afterwards

23
Q

Nystatin

A

Other Antifungals
Oropharyngeal candidiasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, Treatment and suppression of intestinal candidiasis
Australian category A
100 000 units 4 times daily for 7–14 days for treatment
Continue to use for several days after your symptoms disappear
Use after food

24
Q

Aciclovir

A

Guanine analogues
Treatment and prevention of herpes simplex infections, shingles, Acute chickenpox
400mg tds - 800mg 5x day
Renal. FBC
drink plenty of fluids. herepes carry a course. shingles start asap.

25
Q

Famciclovir

A

Guanine analogues
Treatment and prevention of herpes simplex infections, shingles
1.5g stat - cold sore. 250-500 tds

26
Q

Mefloquine

A

Antimalarial.
Start taking preferably 2–3 weeks before entering, and continue for 4 weeks after leaving, an endemic area; may be taken for up to 1 year.
Hepatic
Adult, 250 mg once a week.
People taking mefloquine can feel anxious, depressed, restless or confused
L12

27
Q

Chloroquine

A 
Antimalarial
310mg weekly. 1 before entering, 4 weeks post leaving
Vision. QT. FBC.
cc
l12
28
Q

Mebendazole

A

Benzimidazoles
Thread, round, hook, whip.
Thread: 100mg. repeat in 2 weeks
R, H, & W: 100mg bd 3/7

29
Q

Pyrantel

A

Other anthelmintics
R, T, & H worm
B2
10mg/kg. 1g stat. consider treatin in 2 weeks

29
Q

Voriconazole

A

Severe candida. 200-300-400mg bd.
Qt interval. Renal. Hepatic.
Vision blurred. L8. L3b

Section 1 (8 decks)

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