Antimicrobial Reistance And Stewardship

Question 1

Consequences of antibacterial resistance

Answer 1

Treatment failure

Question 2

Definitions of antimicrobial resistance

Answer 2

MDR - multi drug resistant - non-susceptibility to at least one agent in 3 or more antimicrobial categories

XDR - extensively drug resistant - non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but 2 or fewer antimicrobial categories

PDR - pan drug resistant - non susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial categories

Question 3

Antimicrobial stewardship

Looking at Lab evidence

Ecological studies

Individual data

Answer 3

This depends on the causal relationship that:
Antibacterial use —> Resistance

Evidence that antibacterials cause resistance

Question 4

IDSA definition of antimicrobial stewardship - objectives

Answer 4

Definition - appropriate use of antimicrobials
optimal clinical outcomes
minimize toxicity and other adverse events
reduce the costs of health care for infections
limit the selection for antimicrobial resistant strains.

Stewardship intervention types