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imunity > antimicrobial pharm > Flashcards

antimicrobial pharm Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 drugs cause nephrotoxicity?

A

Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and cephalosporins, vancomycin

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2
Q

What 2 drugs cause hepatotoxicity(liver)?

A

Isoniazid and sulfonamides

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3
Q

What does neurotoxicity/ototoxicity cause?

A

eighth cranial nerve can be damaged

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4
Q

What is photosensitivity?

A

sensitivity to sun.

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5
Q

Cephalosporins are ——– and related to ——-.

A

semi-synthetic related to penicillins

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6
Q

aminoglycosides

A

anesthesia in past 48hrs-neuromuscular blockade, resp depression

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7
Q

What does sulfonamides cause?

A

Crystalluria and sulfa rash, immunosuppression

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8
Q

vancomycin causes what?

A

nephrotoxicity and otoxicity

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9
Q

what do u add to antibiotics to prevent the microbe from breaking down the antibiotic?

A

augmetin

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10
Q

what r the 4 types of organisms

A

bacteria, fungi, parasitic helminths, parasitic arthropods

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11
Q

what is the only thing that still kills bacteria

A

Alcohol

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12
Q

FUO

A

Fever of unknown origin

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13
Q

HAI

A

healthcare associated infection

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14
Q

how long does it take for a C & S result to come back

A

24-48 hrs

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15
Q

what is the presence and growth of a foreign organism?

A

infection

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16
Q

chemical that controls or eliminates living microorganisms

A

antibiotics

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17
Q

a gout drug that u can’t take with anything

A

probenecid

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18
Q

fastest you should ever run a pump

A

150mL/hr

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19
Q

medication made from mold

A

penicillins

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20
Q

usually end in cillin

A

pencillins

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21
Q

2 types of natural penicillins

A

penn G and Penn V

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22
Q

4 semisynthetic penicillins

A

cloxacillin, methicillin, amoxicillin, and ampicillin

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23
Q

what is exfoliative dermatitis

A

shed like a snake

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24
Q

what class of drugs cannot be mixed with any other drug beside probenecid

A

MAOI’s

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25
Q

what’s the normal IM needle syringe combo

A

22 guage 1 1/2 inch needle 3mL syringe

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26
Q

HPI

A

history of present illness

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27
Q

what 2 things do u encourage a person to take while on antibiotics

A

probiotics and yogurt with live cultures

28
Q

what type of antibiotics are synthetic

29
Q

what type of antibiotics kills growth

A

bacteriocidal

30
Q

what type of antibiotics inhibits growth

A

bacteriostatic

31
Q

what type of antibiotics treat large number of bacteria

A

broad-spectrum

32
Q

what type of antibiotics only treat specific or few particular bacteria

A

narrow-spectrum

33
Q

people with _____ are more at risk for allergic reactions

34
Q

review nursing process in bn1

35
Q

what is superinfection

A

a worse infection due to not taking all the medication as prescribed

36
Q

1 electrolyte lost during vomitting and diarrhea

37
Q

give an example of secondary infection

A

yeast infection related to antibiotics

38
Q

if pt states they have a metallic taste in mouth after taking a medication what should we watch for

A

anaphylaxis

39
Q

what is pseudomembranous colitis

A

diarrhea caused by antibiotic therapy

40
Q

1 symptom of anaphylaxis

A

hypotension

41
Q

steroids are all antineoplasic drug so check the

42
Q

for nephrotoxicity what labs do you assess

A

BUN and Creatinine(increased shows renal complications)

43
Q

for nephrotoxicity what do you assess and what is it a symptom of

A

smoky colored urine, symptom of kidney malfunction

44
Q

what lab do u assess for coumadin

A

PT and INR

45
Q

what lab do u assess for heparin

46
Q

what do u assess for hepatotoxicity

A

skin color, ascites, INR

47
Q

what is made in the liver

A

prothombin

48
Q

INH is

49
Q

sulfonamides cause what 2 things

A

crystaluria, and immunosuppression

50
Q

what 3 labs do u assess for the break down of red blood cells

A

bilirubin, AST, ALT

51
Q

study the cranial nerves

52
Q

What is the primary cause of ototoxicity

A

aminoglycosides

53
Q

inflammation of the optic nerve is

A

optic neuritis

54
Q

What is photosensitivity

A

skin is sensitive to the sun

55
Q

what is photophobia

A

light is sensitive to eyes

56
Q

what is medication is parenterally incompatible

A

penicillins

57
Q

requires a peak and trough and given for pt s undergoing GI surgery to make colon sterile

58
Q

this medication will burn the fire out of vein

A

gentamicin

59
Q

usually end in mycin

A

aminoglycosides

60
Q

medication used for UTI’s, burns, and ulcerative colitis

A

sulfonimides

61
Q

what medication must be ran in at over an hour because it goes bad but cant be ran to fast cause can cause BP to drop and cause shock

A

vancomycin

62
Q

what medication is given for GI infections, diverticulitis

A

metronidazole (flagyl)

63
Q

what is the treatment for TB

A

last 6-12 months with a combo of 3 drugs isoniazid(INH), rifampin, and pyrazinamide for 2 months then INH and rifampin for 4 months

64
Q

key med for antihelmintics

64
Q

What drug causes neurotoxicity/ototoxicity?

A

Aminoglycosides

65
Q

Besides aminoglycosides, neurotoxicity/ototoxicity can occur with _________.

A

Vancomycin

66
Q

What 2 meds cause photo sensitivity?

A

tetracycline and sulfonamide

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