Antimicrobial Drugs

Question 1

B-Lactams, Penecillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems

Answer 1

Inhibit cell wall biosynthesis; penicillin-binding proteins

Question 2

Glycopeptides

Answer 2

Inhibit cell wall biosynthesis; peptidoglycan subunit

Question 3

Bacitracin

Answer 3

Inhibit cell wall biosynthesis; peptidoglycan subunit transport

Question 4

Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines

Answer 4

Inhibit protein biosynthesis; 30S ribosomal subunit

Question 5

Macrolides, Lincosamides, Chloramephenicol, Ozazolidinones

Answer 5

Inhibit protein biosynthesis, 50-S ribosomal subunit

Question 6

polymixin-b, colistin, dapromycin

Answer 6

Disrupt membranes; lipopolysaccharide, inner and outer membranes

Question 7

Rifamycin (RNA), Fluoroquinolones (DNA)

Answer 7

Inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis

Question 8

Sulfonamides, Trimethropim

Answer 8

Antimetabolites; Folic acid synthesis enzyme

Question 9

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide

Answer 9

Antimetabolites; Mycolic acid synthesis enzyme

Question 10

Diarylquinoline

Answer 10

Mycobacterial Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Synthase Inhibitor

Question 11

Where are Drug resistent genes carried?

Answer 11

plasmids

Question 12

Resistance genes may code for enzymes that chemically modify an antimicrobial drug; destroyed by hydrolysis

Answer 12

drug modification or inactivation

Question 13

Inhibit accumulation of antimicrobial drug which then prevents the drug from reaching cellular target

Answer 13

Prevention of Cellular uptake or Efflux

Question 14

structural change to targets can prevent drug binding, rendering the drug ineffective

Answer 14

Target Modification

Question 15

Spontaneous Mutations in the gene encoding antibacterial drug targets gives bacteria an evolutionary advantage that allows them to develop resistance to drugs

Answer 15

target modification

Question 16

Drugs that cause a reversible inhibition of growth with bacterial growth restarting after the elimination of the drug

Answer 16

Bacteriostatic

Question 17

Antibacterial drugs intended for preexisting infection kills the protective microbiota

Answer 17

Superinfection

Question 18

___ occurs when the antimicrobial drugs selectively kills or inhibits the growth of microbial targets while causing minimal or no harm to the host.

Answer 18

Selective Toxicity

Question 19

Beta lactams inhibit ___ biosynthesis.

Answer 19

Cell Wall

Question 20

Glycopeptides inhibit cell wall biosynthesis by targeting _____.

Answer 20

Peptidoglycan subunits

Question 21

___ inhibits cell wall biosynthesis by targeting peptidoglycan subunit transport.

Answer 21

Bacitracin

Question 21

Sulfonamides target _____.

Answer 21

Folic Acid Synthesis Enzyme

Question 22

Isonicotonic acid hydrazide targets _____.

Answer 22

Mycolic acid synthesis enzyme

Question 23

Alterations to _____ provides resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines and aminoglycosides.

Answer 23

Ribosome Subunits

Question 24

Microbial resistance can occur by ___ the target enzyme.

Answer 24

Overproducing

Question 25

Target ___ involves the production of proteins that bind and sequester drugs.

Answer 25

Mimcry