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Medical Ethics & Law > Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3 > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What has no action against fungi?

A

Most antibiotics

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2
Q

What are the classes of anti-fungal drugs?

A

Polyenes

Azoles

Allylamines

Echinocandins

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3
Q

How do polyenes act?

A

Bind to ergosterol in fungal cell wall and creates a pore

Also binds to other sterols such as cholesterol so are toxic

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4
Q

Why are polyenes toxic?

A

They bind to sterols such as cholesterol

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5
Q

What are examples of polyenes?

A

Amphotericin B

Nystatin

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6
Q

How do azoles act?

A

Inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol

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7
Q

What are examples of azoles?

A

Fluconazole

Itraconazole

Voriconazole

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8
Q

How do allylamines act?

A

Supress ergosterol synthesis but act at a different stage of the pathway than azoles (act earlier)

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9
Q

What is an example of an allylamine?

A

Terbinafine

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10
Q

How do echinocandins act?

A

Inhibit the synthesis of glucan polysaccharide

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11
Q

What are examples of echinocandins?

A

Caspofungin

Micafungin

Anidulafungin

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12
Q

How would you describe the number of viral diseases that are treatable?

A

Few are treatable

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13
Q

What is there none of in terms of treating viruses?

A

Virucial agents (kill the virus)

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14
Q

What do virucial agents do?

A

Kill the virus

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15
Q

What do virustatic agents do?

A

Inhibit the growth

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16
Q

What are many anti-viral drugs?

A

Nucleoside analogous which interfere with nucleic acid synthesis

17
Q

What are some anti-viral drugs?

A

Anti-herpes virus drugs

Anti-HIV drugs

Drugs for chronic hepatitis B and C

Drugs for viral respiratory infections

18
Q

What are some herpes viruses that there are drugs against?

A

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Epstein-barr virus (EBV)

19
Q

How do anti-HIV drugs work?

A

Nucleoside analogue interfering with the action of reverse transcriptase (slows down replication)

20
Q

What is a drug used for chronic hepatitis B and C?

A

Interferon-a is part of the host immune system and is produced by genetic engineering

21
Q

What are some drugs used for the treatment of influenza A or B?

A

Zanamivir

Oseltamivir

22
Q

What is used for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

23
Q

What is genotype analysis?

A

Sequencing of part of the viral genome

24
Q

What can genotypic analysis help with?

A

Choosing the treatment for patients

Medical Ethics & Law (52 decks)

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