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Bot Med II > antimicrobial botanicals > Flashcards

antimicrobial botanicals Flashcards

1
Q

Phytolacca decandra

A

poke/pokeweed

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2
Q

Part of Phytolacca decandra used?

A

root

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3
Q

Constituents of Phytolacca decandra

A

alkaloids
triterpenoid saponins
Sapogenin

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4
Q

MOA of Phytolacca decandra

A

emetic overall

activates WBC focus in the pelvic region

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5
Q

Medicinal action of Phytolacca decandra?

A

lymphagogue

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6
Q

Medicinal use of Phytolacca decandra?

A

softening and dissolving

specifically on the head, neck, and breast lymphatics

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7
Q

Which botanical works effectively for mastitis?

A

phytolacca root

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8
Q

Which botanical increases circulation and lymphatic flow through the thyroid?

A

phytolacca

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9
Q

Dosing of phytolacca?

A

0.2-0.6ml TID,

10-15ml/week MAX

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10
Q

Toxic effects of phytolacca?

A

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps,headaches

mitogenic action may cause blood cell abnormalities

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11
Q

Calendula officinalis

A

marigold, calendula is the current name of commerce

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12
Q

Parts of calendula used?

A

ray florets

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13
Q

Medicinal actions of calendula?

A 
vulnerary
lymphatic
diaphoretic
styptic
anti-inflammatory
antiseptic
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14
Q

Which botanical stimulates the drainage of enlarged inflamed lymph nodes?

A

calendula

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15
Q

which botanical is a topical anti-inflammatory esp as a poultice?

A

calendula

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16
Q

What is the best indication for calendula?

A

chronic and acute inflammatory skin lesions with itching burning and/or swelling

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17
Q

Which botanical’s styptic and vulnerary actions are due to xanthophyls (stimulates granulation tissue)?

A

calendula

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18
Q

Which botanical can be used to treat otitis media in children?

A

calendula

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19
Q

Leptospermum spp.

A

Manuka

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20
Q

Medicinal actions of leptospermum?

A

antimicrobial, calmative (historical)

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21
Q

Which anti-microbial botanicals are for external use of oil only?

A

leptospermum and melaleuca

22
Q

Melaleuca alternifolia

A

tea tree

23
Q

Constituents of melaleuca alternifolia?

A

terpenoids

24
Q

Hydrastis canadensis

A

goldenseal

25
Q

Which anti-microbial botanical is endangered in the wild?

A

hydrastis canadensis

26
Q

Consituents of hydrastis canadensis?

A

isoquinoline alkaloids, mainly hydrastine, berberine

27
Q

Medicinal actions of hydrastis canadensis?

A

bitter, mucous membrane tonic, cholagogue, choleretic, alterative, anti-catarrhal, anti-microbial

28
Q

Which botanical is considered one of the best remedies for sinusitis and why?

A

hydrastis canadensis

extremely bitter mucous membrane tonic

29
Q

Contraindications of hydrastis canadensis?

A

G6PD deficiency

30
Q

Berberis aquifolium

A

oregon grape

31
Q

Mahonia spp

A

oregon grape

32
Q

Part of berberis aquifolium/mahonia used?

A

root

33
Q

Constituents of berberis aquifolium/mahonia?

A 
isoquinoline alkaloids
missing hydrastine (different from hydrastis)
34
Q

Medical uses of berberis aquifolium/Mahonia

A

similar to hydrastis (sinusitis, vaginitis,candida)

but not as significant as a mucous membrane tonic

35
Q

Usnea barbata

A

old man’s beard, tree lichen

36
Q

What botanical is primarily antibiotic esp against gram positive organisms?

A

Usnea barbata

37
Q

What organisms is Usnea barbata especially good at killing?

A

gram positive: streptococcus, staphylococcus, mycobacterium tuberuclosis, and other fast growing species

38
Q

Consituent of Usnea barbata?

A

polysaccharides

39
Q

What part of Usnea barbata enhances the antimicrobial effect?

A

polysaccharides, which are immunostimulatory

40
Q

What botanical is a good addition to any formula against an infectious process? And what processes specifically?

A

Usnea barbata

UTI, URI, gastroenteritis, impetigo, strep pharyngitis, skin infections

41
Q

Which botanical is quite useful as topically and internally as an anti-fungal and anti-bacterial?

A

Usnea barbata

42
Q

What is the strongest preparation of Usnea barbata?

A

tincture

43
Q

Medicinal actions of Andrographis paniculata?

A

febrifuge, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant

44
Q

Most common use in western natural medicine for Andrographis paniculata?

A

anti-microbial and immune stimulating effect

45
Q

Which botanical is approved by the WHO for prophylaxis and treatment of URI such as common cold, uncomplicated sinusitis, bronchitis, and pharyngotonsilitis

A

Andrographis paniculata

46
Q

Which botanical has negative effects on fertility in animal studies?

A

Andrographis paniculata

47
Q

Tabebuia avellanedae

A

Pau d’arco

48
Q

Constituents of Tabebuia avellanedae

A

lapachol and beta-lapachone (collectively naphthaquinones)

49
Q

Which botanical is antimicrobial, particularly for fungal infections (and solid tumors, masses, and cystic acne as support for abscesses) ?

A

Tabebuia avellanedae

50
Q

What is berberine?

A

isoquinoline alkaloid

51
Q

Contraindications of berberine?

A

high doses in pregnancy

52
Q

Which botanicals contain the constituent berberine?

A

hydrastis canadensis

berberis aquifolium/mahonia

Bot Med II (4 decks)

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