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Pharmacology > Antimicrobial Agents > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Give the 5 antimicrobial agents

A

1 Vancomycin (BC)
2 Aminoglycosides (BC)
3 Chloramphenicol (BS)
4 Sulfonamides (BS)
5 Quinolones (BC)

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2
Q

Gives the 3 Anti TB Agent

A

1) Isoniazid
2) Rifampicin
3) Ethambutol

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3
Q

Give the antifungal agents

A

I. Polyene Antibiotics:
1 Nystatin
2. Amphotericin B

II. Imidazole:
1 Miconazole
2 Clotrimazole
3 Ketoconazole

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4
Q

Give 3 Antiviral agents

A

1) Zidovudine (AZT)
2) Interferon
3) Acyclovir

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5
Q

Treats CSC
1cold sores around mouth (caused by herpes simplex)
2shingles (caused by herpes zoster) & 3chickenpox

A

ACYCLOVIR

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6
Q

Example: Zovirax

A

ACYCLOVIR

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7
Q

Frontline Defenders against viral infection

Primary function locally restrict viral propagation

A

INTERFERON

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8
Q

Interferon: Clinical Use: treat viral infections HACK HG

A

1Hepatitis C 4Kaposis sarcoma
2Autoimmune disease (multiple sclerosis) 5Hairy cell leukemia
3Cancers (non Hodgkin lymphoma) 6Genital warts

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9
Q

Management & treatment of HIV-1
(not a cure for HIV infection)

Pregnant women/Newborns: prevent passing HIV virus to baby/newborns (Mother-Baby)

A

ZIDOVUDINE (AZT)

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10
Q

treats diff types of fungal infections (AD)
1Athletes foot 2Dandruff

A

KETOCONAZOLE

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11
Q

treatment & management of mucocutaneous
& oropharyngeal candidiasis

A

KETOCONAZOLE

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12
Q

local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis

A

CLOTRIMAZOLE

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13
Q

KETOCONAZOLE dose

A

Adult: 200 - 400 mg daily / 2 weeks

Child: 3.3 - 6.6 mg / kg / daily

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14
Q

For DENTURE STOMATITS
* nystatin ointment 100k U/g applied topically
* every 6 hrs to tissue surface on dentures

A

Nystatin

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15
Q

Nystatin should be applied every ____ for denture stomatitis

A

6 hrs

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16
Q

treat candida infections of VSIM: vagina, skin, intestinal tract & mucosa

A

NYSTATIN

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17
Q

systemic fungal infection

A

Amphotericin B

18
Q

1st Two (2) Months: _____; Four Months _____

A

(1) Pyrazinamide; (2) Rifampicin & Isoniazid

19
Q

Treatment Regime of Rifampicin

A
  • total duration = 6 mos
  • eradicating TB = 83% effectiveness
20
Q

a pillar in multi drug treatment of drug susceptible TB caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT)

A

RIFAMPICIN

21
Q
  1. Peripheral Neuropathy
    can be prevented by administration of Vitamin B6
  2. Dark urine & Yellowing of eyes or skin (sign of liver prob)
    more likely to occur in px over 50 yrs of age
A

Isoniazid

22
Q

___ taken to prevent Peripheral Neuropathy

A

Vitamin B6

23
Q

very safe antibiotic, don’t cause serious or life-threatening AR

A

Fluoroquinolones

24
Q

1Ciprofloxacin | 2Norfloxacin

A

QUINOLONES

25
Q

treatment of selected community acquire & nosocomial infections (superinfection, HAP)

A

QUINOLONES

26
Q

May make your skin more sensitive to the sun

A

Sulfonamides

27
Q

Exposure to sunlight, even for brief period may cause

A

1 rash
2 itching
3 redness or other discoloration of skin
4 severe sunburn

28
Q

Sulfonamides prescribed to treat the ff:

A

1Urinary Tract Infection 4Skin, Eye, Vaginal Infections
2Inflammatory Bowl Disease 5Burns
3Malaria

29
Q

help produce folic acid (what bacteria needs to proliferate, for the development of spinal column)

A

DHPS (dihydropteroate synthase)

30
Q

always almost related to allergic reaction, high chance of allergic reaction

A

PABA

31
Q

cannot be classified as antibiotic
= not produced by living organism

A

SULFONAMIDES

32
Q

Grey Baby Syndrome is characterized by

A

1 Abdominal distention
2 Hemodynamic collapse
3 Ashen gray skin discoloration in neonates

33
Q

Most serious AR of Chloramphenicol

A

1 Aplastic anemia
2 Bone marrow suppression

34
Q

Inhibiting protein synthesis by binging 50s ribosomal subunit

A

Chloramphenicol

35
Q

treatment of TC: typhoid & cholera

A

CHLORAMPHENICOL

36
Q

Toxic to eight cranial nerve (can lead)
= to auditory & vestibular disturbances

A

AMINOGLYCOSIDES

37
Q

NANO means

A

1 Neurotoxicity
2 Allergic reactions
3 Nephrotoxicity
4 Ototoxicity

38
Q

AMINO means

A

A: Against Aerobic (-) gram negatives
M: Mainly bactericidal
I: Inhibit protein synthesis at 30s subunit
N: Nephrotoxic (damages kidney)
O: Ototoxic (damages hearing, ringing effect)

39
Q

TANGS means

A

Tobramycin
Amikacin
Neomycin
Gentamycin
Streptomycin

40
Q

Staphylococcal Infections example

A

1 Septicemia 2 Skin & Soft tissue infections
3 Bone infections 4 Lower respiratory tract infections

41
Q

“histamine induced facial & neck flushing”

A

Red Neck Syndrome

42
Q

Symptoms of Red Neck Syndrome

A

1 Chills
2 Shock
3 Urticaria
4 Rashes
5 Fever

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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