antimalaria

Question 1

what are the modes of treatment?

Answer 1

1_clinical cure: terminate malaria fever, erythro schizocides.(high efficacy, low eff.
2_radical cure: for relapsing malaria.
vivax, ovale

Question 2

types of prophylaxis

Answer 2

1 causal: primaquine for all species, proguanil for F. liver stage
2 suppressive; attacks of fever. blood
3 gametocidal: primaquine for all
gametocyte

Question 3

what is the classification of anti malaria drug

Answer 3

1_Aminoquinlone: chloroq
2_Biguanide: proguanil
3_cinchona alkaloid: quinine
4_quinoline methanol: MQ
5_diaminopyrimidine: pyrimethamine
6_Aminoquinlone: primaquine
7_sulfunamide: sulfadoxine
8_antibiotics: doxycyclin, clindamycin
9_aminoalchohol; Lumefartine
10_Naphthyridine: pyronaridine
11_naphthoquine: atovaqune
12_Sesquiterpine: Ar, Am,

Question 4

regardine CQ:
1 effect
2_uses
3_other properties
4_pharmakokientic
5_MOA
6_side effects

Answer 4

1_erythroctic schizocide for all species of malaria , control attacks+prophylaxis
not for relapse or gametocidal
2_malaria, RA, SLE, Giardia, extraintistinal amebia
3_anti inflammatory, local anesthesia, m relax, antihistamin, antiarrthmia.
4_concentrate in tissue, long half life.
5_inhibit DNA, RNA polymerase, disturbe Ph so inhibit growth, interfere with metabolism and hem utilization.
6_hypotension, headach, fatigue. m weakness, priuritis, stomatitis, GIT, CNS

Question 5

Regarding Quinine:
1_effect
2_MOA
3_USES
4_AES

Answer 5

1_erythro schizocides for all species, less effective, more toxic than CQ, Not for prophylaxis or relapse, but kills vivax gametes
2_reduce DNA effectiveness, raise ph
3_orally for uncompilcated CQ resistance malaria , Iv for compilcated /cerebral with doxycyclin .
nocturnal m cramps
4_cinchonism
hypoglycemia
hemolysis w G6pd
CVS arryth(qt prolong), D BP, D K, D mg
black water fever in RF, pregnancy.

Question 6

regarding MF
1_effect
2_AE
3_properties
4_usage

Answer 6

1_erythroctic schizocide, used in prophylaxis
2_psychatric effect, bitter taste, GIT, Bradycardia, Qt prolonged
3_highly plasma bound, concentrate in tissue
4_effective for multiresistance PF,
treat acute malaria
prophylaxis spec in pregnancy.
not first choice for nonpregnant

Question 7

regarding primaquine
1_effect
2_AE
3_USE

Answer 7

1_against hepatic stage of all species
2_DOse related hemolytic anemia, methamoglobinemia, tachypnea, cyanosis.
GIT

3_the only one for radical cure of sleeping stage vivax, ovale.
used after Cq only for who test G6pd

Question 8

regardine Artemisin
1_effect
2_use
3_MOA
4_properties
5_AE

Answer 8

1_ptent rapid erythrocytic schizocide, not for prophylaxis.
2_first line for p f, PF resistance to all drugs,
3_forms toxic radicals that destroy malaria pn
4_has the broadest time window, wide range of stages from ring to early schizont, poorly soluble in water or lipid.
5_GIT
Arrythmias

Question 9

compare bw artesunate and artemether

Answer 9

1_water soluble, oral, iv, im, rectal
absorption is not complete but fast
2_lipid soluble.
oral, im
not iv

Question 10

what is 1_first line in uncomplicated malaria.
2_second line
3_severe

Answer 10

1_PF: AS+SP, AM+AL, AS+MQ, AL«artemeter/lumfantrine».
OTHER P: CQ, PRIMAQ
2PF: qnn+doxycyclin.
other: AQ «amodiaquine», prima
3 PF: AS iv, im.
Am im
Qnn iv im
arttemotil im

Question 11

how do we treat malaria in pregnancy?

Answer 11

1_uncompilcated: Qnn +clindamycin in first trimester… AL OR MQ+AS in 2;3 trimester.
2_sever falciparam: parentral AS.
continue with oral medic
3_non Falci uncompilcated malaria:
CQ sensitive (CQ in, 1’2’3 timesters or ACT except AS+SP.
CQ resistance: first trimester; QNN 2’3 trimester; ACT except AS+SP