Antihypertensives Flashcards
What type of calcium channels do CCBs attach to?
L type calcium channels
Dihydropyridines block L type channels on what cells?
Smooth muscle cells
Non-dihydropyridines block L type channels on what cells?
Cardiac muscle cells
What are the two types of CCBs?
DHP
NDHP
DHP MOA?
DHPs block L type receptors on smooth muscle cells causing vasodilation
DHPs have what name?
-dipine
NDHP MOA?
NDHPs block L type calcium channels on cardiac muscle cells resulting in decreased contractility
NDHPs have what name?
Verapamil
Diltiazem
What nodes do NDHPs exert their effects on?
AV and SA
Decreased HR
CCBs treat?
Hypertension
Hypertensive emergency
Stable angina
Prinzmetal angina
What CCB treats hypertensive emergency in pregnancy?
Nifedipine
DHP effects on afterload?
DHPs dilate coronary arteries resulting in decreased afterload
DHP adverse effects?
Light headedness
Headache
Peripheral edema
Reflex tachycardia
NDHP contraindications?
Patients with heart block
Beta-blockers
Primary HTN treatment?
Hydrochlorothiazide
CCB
ACE-I
HTN emergency treatment?
Beta-1 antagonists Labetalol CCBs Hydralazine Nitrate Nitroprusside Fenoldopam
Labetalol MOA
Beta and Alpha antagonist
Hydralazine treatment issue?
Induce reflex tachycardia and worsen angina so administer with beta-blocker to reduce SNS response
Nitroprusside MOA
Production of NO causes increased cGMP, relaxing smooth muscle, and causing vasodilation
Nitroprusside adverse
cyanide poisoning
Fenoldopam MOA
D1 agonist causing increased cAMP resulting in arterial dilation
