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Cardiovascular > Antihypertensives > Flashcards

Antihypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

Drug for treating hypertension

A

ARBs
Vasodilators
calcium channel blockers
ACE inhibitors
Diuretics

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2
Q

Calcium channel blocker MOA

A

Inhibit influx of calcium ions in myocardial muscle and vascular smooth muscle
Vasodilation

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3
Q

Calcium channel blocker administration

A

Oral - 60% bioavailability

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4
Q

Calcium channel blocker elimination

A

Renal - poor renal function does not significantly reduce elimination

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5
Q

Example of ACE inhibitor

A

Lisinopril

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6
Q

ACE inhibitor MOA

A

Inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme in RAAS system

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7
Q

Lisinopril administration

A

Oral - 25% bioavailability

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8
Q

Lisinopril excretion

A

Unchanged renally

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9
Q

ARB example

A

Losartan

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10
Q

Losartan MOA

A

Selective competitive blocker of angiotensin II and AT1 receptor

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11
Q

Losartan administration

A

Oral - 32% bioavailability

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12
Q

Losartan excretion

A

Urine and bile - extensive plasma protein binding

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13
Q

Thiazide like diuretic example

A

Indapamide

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14
Q

Indapamide MOA

A

Inhibit Na Cl reabsorption from DCT by blocking Na Cl symporter

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15
Q

When is Indapamide taken

A

Early in the day so diuresis doesn’t affect sleep
Could cause elderly patients to have falls in the night

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16
Q

Indapamide administration

A

Oral - act between 1 to 2 hours

17
Q

What is a last resort antihypertensive

A

Beta blockers

18
Q

When would beta blockers be given

A

Young adults
Intolerance to ACEi or ARBs
Increased sympathetic drive

19
Q

Beta blockers MOA

A

Bind adrenomuscarinic M2 receptors
Decrease sympathetic signalling

20
Q

What would someone with hypertension and type 2 diabetes be given (NICE)

A

ACEi or ARB

21
Q

What would someone with hypertension, no type 2 diabetes, under 55 and not of African origin be given

A

ACEi or ARB

22
Q

What would someone with hypertension with no type 2 diabetes, over 55 be given

A

CCB

23
Q

What would someone with hypertension with no type 2 diabetes with African origin be given

A

CCB

24
Q

Calcium channel blocker example

A

Amlodipine

Cardiovascular (6 decks)

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