antihypertensive

Question 1

thiazides

Answer 1

hydrochlorothiazide

start-mild HT

Question 2

loop

Answer 2

furosemide

mod-severe

Question 3

k sparing

Answer 3

spironolactone (aldosterone RAnt, prevent K exc, allow Na exc)
epleronone (newer)
triamterene
dyazide (tri w/ HCTZ)

Question 4

diuretics

Answer 4

thiazides
loop
k sparing

Question 5

clonidine

Answer 5

a2 agonist
secondary drug
alpha-metha dopa

Question 6

hemathemonium

Answer 6

ganglion block

Question 7

reserpine

Answer 7

storage

post ganglion block w/ NT

Question 8

guanothidine

Answer 8

release

post ganglion block w/ NT

Question 9

prazosin

Answer 9

a1 Ant
used for BPH
HYPOTENSION
SYNCOPE
so its better to take at bedtime

Question 10

propanolol

Answer 10

B-AR Ant
lipophilic
CNS EFFECTS

Question 11

selective B1 Ant

Answer 11

metoprolol
atenolol
esmolol
nebivolol

Lipophilic, CNS
Bronchospasm in asmathic pt
Mask hypoglycemia
Fatigue
Bradycardia (carvediol reduced mortality in CHF)

Question 12

esmolol

Answer 12

met. by RBC esterase
9 min
IV infusion

Question 13

nebivolol

Answer 13

one isomer is B blocker

other inc. endothelial NO

Question 14

mixed Alpha and B-AR ago

Answer 14

carvediol
labetolol

used in HPT emergency

Question 15

release of NO

Answer 15

hydralazine

nitroprusside

Question 16

hydralazine

Answer 16

inhibits IP3 release of Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

nitroprusside

Answer 17

light sensitive
short acting (IV infusion)
emergencies/ pulmonary edema

Question 18

hyper polarization of smooth muscle by opening of K channel

Answer 18

minoxidil

Question 19

minoxidil

Answer 19

ATP K inc K efflux leading to dilation of arterioles
PRODRUG
severe HPT, hair loss

hypotension induced sympathetic response to angina response
Na/water retention dec renal perfusion
K efflux leads to ventricular fibrillation
hypertrichosis/hirsutism

Question 20

reduction of calcium influx by blockage of L type Ca channels

Answer 20

angina, cardiac arrythmias, CHF, raynaud phenomenon
AA, elderly
dihyrdropyridine antagonist

Question 21

dihydropyridine antagonist

Answer 21

amlodipine

nifedipine

Question 22

act. of D1 dopamine rec

Answer 22

fenolopam

Question 23

fenolopam

Answer 23

IV infusion
ver short action (action)
HPT emergency

Question 24

ACE inhibitor

Answer 24

inc renin by compensation
chronic cough with inc bradykinin
angioneurmtic edema

lisinopril

NSAID dec effect

Question 25

lisinopril

Answer 25

hypertension in young white (high renin)
diabetic HPT
enhances diuretics
elderly, AA

Question 26

angiotensin 2 rec blocker

Answer 26

losartan
vasalrtan
olmesartan

Question 27

renin inhibitor

Answer 27

aliskiren

Question 28

aliskiren

Answer 28

no cough, reduced angioedema

Question 29

HPT crisis

Answer 29

nitroprusside (NO)
fenoldopam (D1)
Diazoxide (K)
labetalol (A/B blocker)