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Drugs for Final Pharm > antihypertensive > Flashcards

antihypertensive Flashcards

1
Q

thiazides

A

hydrochlorothiazide

start-mild HT

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2
Q

loop

A

furosemide

mod-severe

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3
Q

k sparing

A

spironolactone (aldosterone RAnt, prevent K exc, allow Na exc)
epleronone (newer)
triamterene
dyazide (tri w/ HCTZ)

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4
Q

diuretics

A

thiazides
loop
k sparing

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5
Q

clonidine

A

a2 agonist
secondary drug
alpha-metha dopa

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6
Q

hemathemonium

A

ganglion block

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7
Q

reserpine

A

storage

post ganglion block w/ NT

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8
Q

guanothidine

A

release

post ganglion block w/ NT

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9
Q

prazosin

A 
a1 Ant
used for BPH
HYPOTENSION
SYNCOPE
so its better to take at bedtime
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10
Q

propanolol

A

B-AR Ant
lipophilic
CNS EFFECTS

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11
Q

selective B1 Ant

A

metoprolol
atenolol
esmolol
nebivolol

Lipophilic, CNS
Bronchospasm in asmathic pt
Mask hypoglycemia
Fatigue
Bradycardia (carvediol reduced mortality in CHF)
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12
Q

esmolol

A

met. by RBC esterase
9 min
IV infusion

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13
Q

nebivolol

A

one isomer is B blocker

other inc. endothelial NO

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14
Q

mixed Alpha and B-AR ago

A

carvediol
labetolol

used in HPT emergency

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15
Q

release of NO

A

hydralazine

nitroprusside

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16
Q

hydralazine

A

inhibits IP3 release of Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum

17
Q

nitroprusside

A

light sensitive
short acting (IV infusion)
emergencies/ pulmonary edema

18
Q

hyper polarization of smooth muscle by opening of K channel

A

minoxidil

19
Q

minoxidil

A

ATP K inc K efflux leading to dilation of arterioles
PRODRUG
severe HPT, hair loss

hypotension induced sympathetic response to angina response
Na/water retention dec renal perfusion
K efflux leads to ventricular fibrillation
hypertrichosis/hirsutism

20
Q

reduction of calcium influx by blockage of L type Ca channels

A

angina, cardiac arrythmias, CHF, raynaud phenomenon
AA, elderly
dihyrdropyridine antagonist

21
Q

dihydropyridine antagonist

A

amlodipine

nifedipine

22
Q

act. of D1 dopamine rec

A

fenolopam

23
Q

fenolopam

A

IV infusion
ver short action (action)
HPT emergency

24
Q

ACE inhibitor

A

inc renin by compensation
chronic cough with inc bradykinin
angioneurmtic edema

lisinopril

NSAID dec effect

25
Q

lisinopril

A

hypertension in young white (high renin)
diabetic HPT
enhances diuretics
elderly, AA

26
Q

angiotensin 2 rec blocker

A

losartan
vasalrtan
olmesartan

27
Q

renin inhibitor

A

aliskiren

28
Q

aliskiren

A

no cough, reduced angioedema

29
Q

HPT crisis

A

nitroprusside (NO)
fenoldopam (D1)
Diazoxide (K)
labetalol (A/B blocker)

Drugs for Final Pharm (8 decks)

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