Antihistamine Flashcards
cetrizine
Zyrtec
Side Effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, HA, constipation
Nursing considerations:
- Relief of perennial allergic rhinitis caused by molds, animal, dander, and other allergens
- Avoid alcohol during cetirizine therapy
- Call provider immediately for difficulty breathing or swallowing
- Notify provider for hydroxyzine (Vistaril) allergy
- OTC
diphenhydramine
Benadryl
Side effects: Dizziness/drowsiness, palpitations, hypotension, blurred vision, n/d, dysuria, urinary retention, thrombocytopenia, photosensitivity, chest tightness, wheezing
Nursing considerations:
- Take with meals for GI symptoms; absorption rate may slightly decrease
- Take at bedtime only if using as sleep aid
- PO peak 2-4 hours
- IM: onset 30 min, peak 2-4 hours
- Should be discontinued 4 days before skin allergy tests
- Avoid driving and other hazardous activities if drowsiness occurs
- Avoid use of alcohol, CNS depressants
fexofenadine
Allegra
Side effects: drowsiness/dizziness, HA, diarrhea, vomiting, rash/itching, hoarseness, urinary retnetion
Nursing considerations:
- Avoid alcohol, CNS depressants
- Notify provider if taking erythromycin or ketoconazole (Nizoral)
- If taking aluminum magnesium antacid, take antacid a few hours before or after fexofrenadine
hydroxyzine
Vistaril
Side effects: drowsiness/ dizziness, dry mouth/nose/throat, HA, chest congestion
Nursing considerations:
- PO: onset 15-30 min, duration 4-6 hours
- Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
- Treatment of symptoms of alcohol withdrawal
- Notify provider of diagnosis of glaucoma, ulcers, enlarged, prostate gland, liver disease, HTN, seizures, or hyperthyroidism
loratadine
Alavert, Claritin
Side effects: HA, dry mouth, diarrhea, rahs, stomach pain, tachycardia
Nursing considerations:
- Avoid alcoho, CNS depressants
- Take on empty stomach 1 hour befor eor hours after meals
- Onset 1-3 hours, peak 8-12 hours, duration ≥ 24 hours
- OTC
