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IHO 4 > Antigen presentation and processing > Flashcards

Antigen presentation and processing Flashcards

1
Q

Dendritic cell antigen uptake mechanism

A
  1. Endocytosis

2. Phagocytosis

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2
Q

Dendritic cell activation

A

Mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

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3
Q

Dendritic cell MHC class II expression

A

Increases with activation (may express low levels constiuitively)

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4
Q

Dendritic cell costimulatory activity

A

Up-regualtion of CD80/86 w/activation

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5
Q

Dendritic cell T-cell activation

A

Naive, effector, memory T cells

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6
Q

Dendritic cell location

A

Resting: circulation and peripheral tissues.
Active: T-cell zones, tertiary tissues

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7
Q

Macrophage antigen uptake mechanism

A

Phagocytosis

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8
Q

Macrophage activation

A

Mediated by PRRs and enhanced by T cell help

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9
Q

Macrophage MHC class II expression

A

Increases w/activation

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10
Q

Macrophage costimulatory activity

A

Up-regulation of CD80/86 with activation

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11
Q

Macrophage T cell activation

A

Effector and memory T cells

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12
Q

Macrophage location

A

Resting: circulation, peripheral tissues.
Activated: lymph node, marginal zone of spleen, peripheral tissues

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13
Q

B cell antigen uptake mechanism

A

Receptor-medated endocytosis

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14
Q

B cell activation

A

Mediated by antigen recognition

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15
Q

B cell MHC class II expression

A

Increases with activation (expresses low levels of constitutively

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16
Q

B cell costimulatory activity

A

Upregulation of CD80/86 w/activation

17
Q

B cell T cell activation

A

Effector and memory T cells

18
Q

B cell location

A

Resting: circulation, follicles
Activated: B cell/T cell interface, germinal centers and marginal zones

19
Q

Cytosolic pathway

A
  1. Presentation of antigen on class I molecules: good for stopping damaged protein, needs intracellular protein synthesis. Constitutie and immunoproteosome
20
Q

Constitutive proteosome

A

Normal proteosome. Can give way to immunoproteosome if cell stimulated by IFN-y or TNF-A

21
Q

Immunoproteosome

A

Activity changes. More efficiently loads class I molecules through better TAP association

22
Q

Where are peptides from the cytosolic pathway transported to? What do they bind to?

A

The rough endoplasmic reticulum where Class I molecules are synthesized.
Bind to TAP1 and TAP2 heterodimer complex that extends across the RER.

23
Q

TAP

A

Transpoter associated with antigen processing.
Affinity for 8-16 amino acids.
-Optimal binding size of MHC I is 9.

24
Q

ERAAP

A

ER-associated aminopeptidase. Does the final trimming of peptides.

25
Q

Where is the MHC class I alpha chain synthesized?

A

The RER

26
Q

Calnexin

A

What MHC Class I molecules associate with to assure proper folding

27
Q

What happens once MHC class I alpha chain properly folded?

A

Associates w/B2-microglobulin and releases calnexin

28
Q

Tapasin (Tps)

A

Allows for MHC class I association with TAP1/2 complex.

29
Q

Endocytic pathway

A

-Presentation of antigen on class II molecules. Needs endocytic uptake of exogenous antigen

30
Q

Where does the maturation step of the endocytic pathway take place?

A

The RER. Binding site will be occluded for a little while

31
Q

What are exogenous antigens internalized as?

A

APCs through endocytosis or phagocytosis

32
Q

What happens to internalized antigens?

A

Degraded as phagolysosomes or endosomes

33
Q

How much time is required for the antigen to be processed and presented within the endocytic pathway?

A

1-3 hours

34
Q

Invariant Chain (CD74)

A
  • Assists in folding of class II alpha and beta chains.
  • Binds to the peptide-presenting site of class II molecules.
  • Assistin in transport of MHC class II molecules from golgi to cytoplasmic vesicles
35
Q

CLIP

A

Short fragment that remains after the digestion of the invariant chain. Bound to antigen presenting site on MHC class II molecule

36
Q

HLA-DM

A

Nonclassical MHC II molecule needed to catalyze exchange of antigenic peptide for CLIP

37
Q

HLA-DO

A

Can regulate HLA-DM. Blocks HLA-DM (except in really acidic conditions). Only expressed in B cells and thymus. Not induced by IFN-y.

38
Q

Cross presentation of exogenous antigen

A

Good way to ramp up CD8+ T cell amplification and proliferation

IHO 4 (4 decks)

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