Antifungal and Antihelmintic Flashcards
Superficial, where and what tx
Scalp, nails, mucous membranes (oral, vagina)
Typically treated with topical drugs
Systemic, where and what tx
Internal organs, lungs, brain, and digestive organs
Typically treated with pills or IV meds
Systemic Infections:
Amphotericin B
Key Points about Amphoterrible
- IV route only
- Nephrotoxicity in 80% of people
- Low K and Mg
- phlebitis and rigors
- Anemia
Steps of Ampho
- Central Line
- 500mL-1L Normal saline over an hour
- Premedicate (Benadry)
- Change IV tubing to D5
- If Rigors- Demerol or Dantrolene
- Give 500mL-1L Normal saline over an hour
- Replace K and Mg
- K bag infuses 2 hours x 4 bags
- Mg infuses over 2-4 hours
“azoles”
- orally or parenteral route
- Less toxic than Ampho B
- CYP450, drug drugs
“azole” prototype:
itraconazole (Sporanox)
AE of itraconazole
GI (N/V/D), Cardiosuppression, Liver Injury
Give Itraconazole with:
Coke 1 hour before drugs (raise gastric pH)
2nd “azole” prototype:
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
AE of fluconazole
GI (N/V/D),
**Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome)
Superficial Mycoses, caused by 2 groups:
Candida, Dermatophytic infections (ringworm)
Routes for superficial mycoses:
Creams, ointments, suppository, troche, “swish and spit”
Superficial Mycosis Prototypes:
Clontrimazole (Mycelex) and Nystatin (Mycostatin)
Helminths:
Parasitic worms, asymptomatic often, intestine
Helminths Prototype:
Mebendazole: prevents uptake of glucose by susceptible intestinal worms, causing slow death
How long does Mebendazole take?
Up to 3 days for clearance
What are Ectoparasites?
Lice and Scabies
How does one treat Ecotoparasites?
Permethrin (1% Nix, 5% Elimite)
