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antifastHR Flashcards

1
Q

Which phase does I(kr), I(ks) correspond to?

A

Phase 3

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2
Q

Which phase does I(to) correspond to?

A

Phase 1

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3
Q

Which phase does I(Na) correspond to?

A

Phase 0

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4
Q

Which phase does I(Ca) correspond to?

A

Phase 2

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5
Q

Why does the action potential fall from phase 2 > 3

A

Influx of Ca2+ is less than efflux of K+

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6
Q

Which channel do class 1 anti-arrhythmic drugs target?

A

Sodium channels

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7
Q

What class of anti-arrhythmic is procainamide?

A

Class 1A

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8
Q

What is the effect of procainamide?

A
  • Reduces rate of Phase 0 rise* Reduces conductivity & automaticity* Increases ERP & APD
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9
Q

What is the effect of lidocaine?

A
  • Reduces rate of Phase 0 rise* Shortens phase 3 repolarisation* Reduces automaticity* Shortens APD## FootnoteNo change to ERP
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10
Q

What class of anti-arrhythmic is lidocaine?

A

Class 1B

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11
Q

What class of anti-arrhythmic is Flecainide?

A

Class 1C

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12
Q

What is the effect of flecainide?

A
  • Reduces rate of Phase 0 rise* Shortens Phase 3 repolatisation* Reduces conductivity & automaticity
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13
Q

What is the clinical indication for flecainide?

A

Refractory ventricular tachycardias

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14
Q

What are class 2 anti-arrhythmic drugs?

A

Beta-blockers

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15
Q

What are the effects of class 2 anti-arrhythmics?

A
  • Reduces Phase 4 depolarisation* Reduces HR & contractility
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16
Q

What is the effect of amiodarone?

A
  • Prolongs Phase 3 repolarisation* Increases ERP & APD## Footnoteamiodarone is a K-channel blocker
17
Q

What class of anti-arrhythmic do verapamil & diltiazem belong to?

A

Class 4; non-DHP calcium channel blockers

18
Q

What channel do class 3 anti-arrhythmics block?

A

Potassium channels

19
Q

What class of anti-arrhythmics is amiodarone?

A

Class 3; potassium channel blockers

20
Q

What is the effect of verapamil & diltiazem?

A
  • Prolong Phase 4 depolarisation* Reduces conductivity on AV node* Increases ERP & APD
21
Q

Why are non-DHP calcium channel blockers preferentially used over DHPs?

A

non-DHPs target the calcium channels on AV nodes while DHPs target the channels on smooth muscles

22
Q

Which drug is indicated in emergency supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Adenosine; rapid onset

23
Q

Adenosine suppresses ________ and increases the ______________

A

Adenosine suppresses AV nodal conduction and increases the AV nodal refractory period

Cardiovascular System (8 decks)

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