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TAUC In-House Medications > Antiemetics, Antacids, and Antihistamines > Flashcards

Antiemetics, Antacids, and Antihistamines Flashcards

1
Q

What two medications (and what doses) are included in a GI cocktail?

A

30 mL of Maalox and 10 mL of 2% Viscous Lidocaine

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2
Q

What is Maalox comprised of, and what is its purpose?

A

Aluminum and magnesium hydroxide; it is an antacid used to neutralize stomach acid and treat the symptoms of GERD

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3
Q

What is 2% Viscous Lidocaine, and what is it typically used for at TAUC?

A

It is a local anesthetic typically used to treat pain in the mouth, throat, and esophagus. It can be combined with Maalox to make a GI cocktail.

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4
Q

What should you tell patients before administering 2% Viscous Lidocaine?

A

Tell them them that it may cause numbing of the lips, mouth, and tongue.

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5
Q

What is another name for Regaln?

A

Metroclopramide

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6
Q

What is another name for Metroclopramide?

A

Reglan

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7
Q

What is Metroclopramide and what is it used for?

A

It is an antiemetic used to treat severe nausea and vomiting, migraines, and the symptoms associated with GERD.

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8
Q

What is the dose and what are the appropriate routes for administering Reglan?

A

10 mg IM or IVPB in a 500-1000 mL normal saline IV bag

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9
Q

Which route should Reglan never be administered by? Why?

A

Slow IV push, because it can cause involuntary muscle movements (tardive diskinesia) if administered by this route.

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10
Q

What are the side effects of Metroclopramide?

A

It can cause tardive diskinesia if administered by IV push. Only administer by IM or IVPB.

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11
Q

What is another name for Ondansetron?

A

Zofran

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12
Q

What is Ondansetron and what is it used for?

A

It is an antiemetic used to treat nausea and vomiting.

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13
Q

What are the possible side effects of Zofran?

A

It can cause constipation with prolonged use.

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14
Q

In what doses and by what routes is Zofran administered?

A

4 mg IM or IV

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15
Q

What is another name for Famotidine?

A

Pepcid

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16
Q

What is Famotidine and what is it used for?

A

It is an antacid and antihistimine; it is used to treat severe allergic reactions or to treat the symptoms of GERD.

17
Q

By what route should Famotidine never be administered?

A

It should never be administered by IV push or IM, because it may cause a prolonged QT interval or other cardiac arrhythmia if administered too quickly. Only administer by IVPB.

18
Q

In what dose and by what route should Pepcid be administered?

A

20-40 mg IVPB in a 500-1000 mL normal saline IV bag

19
Q

What are the cautions for administering Pepcid?

A

It may cause a prolonged QT interval or other cardiac arrhythmia if administered too quickly. Only administer by IVPB.

20
Q

What is another name for Diphenhydramine?

A

Benadryl

21
Q

What is Diphenhydramine and what is it used for?

A

It is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions or anaphylaxis.

22
Q

In what dose and by what route should Benadryl be administered?

A

25-50 mg IM or slow IV push

23
Q

What are the side effects of Benadryl? How can they be minimized?

A

Sedative side effects (be sure patient and/or family is aware of this). Dilute and deliver slowly to minimize side effects.

24
Q

What is another name for Benadryl?

A

Diphenhydramine

25
Q

What is another name for Promethazine?

A

Phenergan

26
Q

What is another name for Phenergan?

A

Promethazine

27
Q

By what route should Phenergan never be administered? Why?

A

By IV, because it can cause tissue necrosis in administered intravenously. ALWAYS ADMINISTER IM.

28
Q

What is the appropriate dose and route for administering Promethazine?

A

12.5 to 25 mg IM only

29
Q

What is Phenergan stocked in?

A

25 mg/mL ampoules

30
Q

What are the potential side effects of Promethazine?

A

1) May cause drowsiness (confirm that patient is not driving prior to administering).
2) May cause irritability in geriatric patients.

31
Q

What is Phenergan and what is it used for?

A

It is an antiemetic and antihistamine. It is usually used to treat nausea and vomiting. Can be used as an antihistamine to treat itching and hives.

TAUC In-House Medications (5 decks)

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