Antiemetics Flashcards
What three drugs go under Antiemetics?
- Metoclopramide hydrochloride (Maxalon)
- Droperidol
- Ondansetron hydrochloride
What class drug is Antiemetics
Used to treat nausea and vomiting
What class drug is Anti-arrhythmic
Prevent, alleviate or correct irregular heartbeat
What two drugs go under Anti-arrhythmic?
- Digoxin
- Diltiazem hydrochloride
What should you do before giving out Anti-arrhythmic drugs?
Check pulse
before
administering
digoxin – must
be higher than
60 bpm
What class drug is Anticholinergics?
Block action of neurotransmitters in the brain to
Prevents parasympathetic nerve impulses + Can decrease muscle spasms, secretion of saliva, sweat,
nasal, gastrointestinal & bronchial secretions
What three drugs go under Anticholinergics?
- Hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan)
- Oxybutynin
- Atropine sulfate
What class drug is Antihypertensives?
Reduce high blood pressure by multiple actions
Inhibits reabsorption of sodium, causing urinary
excretion, or vasodilation
What three drugs go under Antihypertensives? (ACE)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE)
Treatment for hypertension, other cardiovascular
conditions including heart failure
* Captopril
* Enalapril
* Ramipril
What other drug is considered Antihypertensives?
Beta-blockers
Decrease the rate and force of heart
contractions, lowering high blood pressure
What other four drugs go under Antihypertensives? Hint: lol
- Bisoprolol
- Metoprolol
- Atenolol
- Carvedilol
What other drug is considered Antihypertensives and three more drugs? Hint: sartan
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists
Treatment of heart failure in patients not able to tolerate ACE Inhibitors (prevents blood vessel constriction)
- Irbesartan
- Telmisartan
- Candesartan
What class drug is Bronchodilators?
Relax bronchiole smooth muscle
Relieve bronchospasm and improve ventilation
What three drugs go under Bronchodilators?
- Salbutamol (Ventolin)
- Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva)
- Salmeterol Xinafoate (Serevent)
What class drug is Diuretics?
Used to promote water loss from body into urine
Helps treat oedema, hypertension, heart failure or
kidney disease
What three drugs go under Diuretics?
- Frusemide
- Spironolactone
- Acetazolamide
What class drug is Statins?
Anti-lipidaemic agents
Lower cholesterol levels
What four drugs go under Statins?
- Atorvastatin
- Rosuvastatin
- Simvastatin
- Pravastatin
What class drug is Oral Hypoglycaemics?
Used to lower blood glucose levels
What four drugs go under Oral Hypoglycaemics?
- Metformin
- Acarbose
- Gliclazides
- Glimepiride
What is APINCH?
APINCH is an acronym used to identify a group of high-risk medicines that have a high potential to cause harm if used incorrectly
A:
A: Anti-infectives, such as antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals
P:
P: Potassium and electrolytes
I:
I: Insulin
N:
N: Narcotics, sedatives, antipsychotics, lithium, and neuromuscular blocking agents
C:
C: Chemotherapeutic agents, including immunosuppressants, and clozapine
H:
H: Heparin and other anticoagulants, including antiplatelet agents
What class drug is Antimicrobials?
Inhibit the growth of or destroy bacteria
What drugs go under Antimicrobials?
- Vancomycin
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
What is Potassium & electrolytes + what do they do?
Electrolytes help maintain balance of fluids in & out of
cells
Help regulate chemical reactions
Injections of concentrated electrolytes used to
replenish/ treat deficit or excess
What drugs go under Potassium & electrolytes?
- Potassium
- Magnesium
- Calcium
- Hypertonic sodium chloride
What is Insulin?
Hormone produced in pancreas that regulates amount
of glucose circulating in the blood
Long acting Insulin? Two answers
Long acting (basal)
* Protaphane
* Humulin NPH
Bolus Insulin (short acting)? Two answers
- Novorapid
- Actrapid chloride
Premix Insulin (Combination bolus & basal) Two answers
- Mixitard 30/50
- Novomix 30
What class drug is Narcotics?
Pain relieving medication that is often opioid based
Can cause respiratory depression
Schedule 8
DDA
What four drugs go under Narcotics?
- Hydromrphone
- Oxycodone
- Morphine
- Fentanyl
What class drug is Anxiolytics - benzodiazepines?
CNS depressant – bind GABA neurotransmitter
Treat anxiety, agitation, withdrawal, depression, insomnia, and as a muscle
relaxant prior to a procedure
What five drugs go under Anxiolytics - benzodiazepines?
- Diazepam
- Midazolam
- Clonazepam
- Temazepam
- Oxazepam
What may we have to watch out for in Aged Care when using this classification of drug?
If used in aged care – must be carefully assessed, documented and
reported to avoid it being classed as chemical restraint
What drug classification is Chemotherapeutic agents?
Prevent proliferation of malignant cells by
attacking them at various stages of the cell cycle
What three drugs go under Chemotherapeutic agents?
- Vincristine
- Methotrexate
- Etoposide
What drug classification is Heparin & anticoagulants?
Prevent or slow the formation of blood clots or
emboli
What three drugs go under Heparin & anticoagulants?
- Heparin
- Warfarin
- Enoxaparin
What four Medication safety systems should we follow?
- Independent double checking
- Standardised orders
- Standardised medication charts
- Safe administration of liquid medications
